Book 3 Part 2 Chapter 35 (Chapter 222 overall)

Chapter Summaries: Dole: Kutuzof. The German generals. Shcherbinin's report. Woltzogen's despair. Kutuzof's indignation. Rayevsky. Esprit du corps. 
Briggs: Kutuzov. An order to renew the attack tomorrow. The spirit of the army.
Maude: Kutuzov. His rebuke to Wolzogen. An order for the day for an attack tomorrow. The spirit of the army
Pevear and Volokhonsky: Kutuzov at the battle. Bagration wounded. Kutuzov shouts at Wolzogen. His certainty of victory.

Translation:

XXXV.

Kutuzov sat, drooping his gray-haired head and lowering his heavy body on the covered carpet bench, at this very location at which in the morning he saw Pierre. He did not make any orders, but only agreed or did not agree to that what was offered to him.

"Yes, yes, do this," he responded to various offers. "Yes, yes, go, darling, look," he approached that to that, that to another of the approximate; or: "no, we do not need to, better wait," he spoke. He listened to the imported to him reports, gave back orders, when this was demanded by subordinates; but, listening to reports, he, it seemed, was not interested in the meaning of the words that to him were said, but something other in the expression of persons, in the tone of the speech denouncing, interested him. His long-term military experience knew and his senile mind understood that to lead a hundred thousand persons, fighting with death, cannot be done by one person, and he knew what decided the fate of battles was not the orders or the commander in chief, not in placing where stood the troops, not the number of guns and slain people, but that elusive power, called the heart of the troops, and he watched for this forcibly and led by it, as far as this was in his authority.

The common expression of the face Kutuzov was focused, the calm attention and effort barely prevailed over the fatigue of his weak and old body.

At 11 in the morning he was brought news about how the employed French flushes were again repulsed, but that Prince Bagration was injured. Kutuzov gasped and shook his head.

— Ride to Prince Pyotr Ivanovich and in detail find out what is so, — he said to one of the adjutants, and following behind that turned to Prince Virtemberg, standing behind him.

— Whether it is not anything for your highness to accept command of the 1st army.

Soon after the departure of the prince, so soon that he still could not ride as far as to Semenovsky, an adjutant of the prince returned from him and reported to the lordly that the prince asked for troops.

Kutuzov grimaced and sent Dohturov an order to accept the command of the 1st army, but the prince, without whom, as he said, may not get along in these important minutes, requested to return to himself. When was brought news about the taking in captivity of Murat and the staff congratulated Kutuzov, he smiled.

— Hold, gentleman, — he said. — The battle is won, and the in captivity of Murat is nothing extraordinary. But better to wait to rejoice. — However he sent an adjutant to drive through the troops with this news.

When from the left flank jumped up Shcherbinin with a report about the occupation of the French flushes and Semenovsky, Kutuzov, by the sounds of the field of the battle and by the face of Shcherbinin guessing that the news was not good, got up, as would be kneading legs and, took under the arm of Shcherbinin, took him somewhere at the side.

— Go, darling, — he said to Ermolov, — Look, whether it cannot be done.

Kutuzov was at Gorky, in the center of the positions of the Russian troops. The directed by Napoleon attack on our left flank was a few times beat off. In the center the French did not move onwards to Borodino. From the left flank the cavalry of Uvarov forced the French to run.

At the third hour the attacks of the French ceased. On all faces, coming from the field of the battle, and on those that were standing around him, Kutuzov was reading an expression of the tension that came down to the higher extent. Kutuzov was satisfied by the success of the day in excess of expectations. but physical forces left the old man. A few times his head lowly descended, as would be falling, and he dozed off. He was given dinner.

The wing-adjutant of Voltsogen, that very one, which, driving past Prince Andrey, spoke that the war needed to be brought in space,722 and who so hated Bagration, in the time of dinner drove to Kutuzov. Voltsogen had arrived from Barclay with a report about the course of cases on the left flank. The reasonable Barclay-de-Tolly, seeing the crowd of running back wounded and disturbed backside of the army, after weighing all circumstances of the affairs, decided that the battle was lost, and with this news he sent to the commander in chief his favorite.

Kutuzov with labor chewed fried chicken and his narrowed, cheered up eye looked at Voltsogen.

Voltsogen, carelessly kneading his legs, with a half-disdainful smile on his lips, came up to Kutuzov, a little touching to his visor his hand.

Voltsogen approached with the lordly with some attested negligence, having the purpose to show that he, as a highly educated military man, leaves to the Russian to make an idol of this old, useless human, but he himself knows with whom he has business. "Old sir (as called Kutuzov in his circle the Germans), is quietly arranged,”723 thought Voltsogen, and, strictly looking at the plates, standing before Kutuzov, started an report to the old lord of the position of cases on the left flank as he was ordered by Barclay and as he himself saw and got it.

— All the points of our positions are in the hands of the enemy and beat off nothing because of how troops are not; they run, and there is no opportunity to stop them, — he reported.

Kutuzov, stopped chewing, surprised, as if not understanding what was said to him, staring at Voltsogen. Voltsogen, noticing the excitement of the old sir,724 with a smile said:

— I do not count myself having the right to hide from your lordship what I saw... The troops are in full disappointment...

— You saw? You saw?... — frowning shouted Kutuzov, fast getting up and advancing on Voltsogen. — How you... How dare you!... — making a threatening gesture of shaking hands and choking, he shouted. —How dare you, gracious sire, speak this to me. You know nothing. Deliver from me to General Barclay that his intelligence is unfair, that the present movement of the battle is famous to me, commander in chief, better than him.

Voltsogen wanted to contradict something, but Kutuzov interrupted him.

— The enemy is repulsed on the left and struck on the right flank. If you badly saw, gracious sire, then do not allow yourself to speak what you do not know. Kindly go to General Barclay and deliver him for tomorrow my indispensable intention to attack the enemy, — strictly said Kutuzov. All was silent, and was heard only the heavy breaths of the out of breath old general. — Repulsed everywhere, for what I thank God and our brave army. The enemy is conquered and tomorrow we will chase him from the sacred earth of Russia, — said Kutuzov, crossing; and suddenly sobbing from coming tears. Voltsogen, shaking his shoulders and grimacing with his lips, silently walked away to the side, wondering at this tyranny of the old sir.725

— Yes, here it is my hero, — said Kutuzov to a complete, handsome, black-haired general, which at this time entered on the mound. This was Raevsky, conducted all day at the main point of the Borodino field.

Raevsky reported that the troops firmly stood in their places, and that the French did not dare to attack more.

Listening to him, Kutuzov in French said:

— You, having come, do not think as others, that we must retreat?

— The opposite, your lordship, in indecisive deeds stays the victor that who is stubborn, — was the response of Raevsky, — and in my opinion...726

— Kaysarov! —called Kutuzov to his adjutant. — Sit down, write an order for tomorrow. But you, — he turned to another, — ride by the lines and announce that tomorrow we attack.

While was the walking conversation with Raevsky and the dictated order, Voltsogen returned from Barclay and reported that General Barclay-de-Tolly would desire a written confirmation of the order, which gave back the field marshal.

Kutuzov, not looking at Voltsogen, ordered to write this order, which, quite thoroughly, to avoid personal responsibility, desired to have the former commander in chief.

And by an indefinable, mysterious communication, supporting throughout the army one and that same mood, called the heart of the army, and forming the main nerve of war, the words of Kutuzov, his order to battle on tomorrow, spread at the same time in all ends of the troops.

Long away not most words, not most orders were delivered in the last rows of this communication. Even nothing was similar in those stories that were delivered to each other at the different ends of the army, in that what Kutuzov said; but the meaning of his words were informed everywhere, because of how that what Kutuzov said, followed not from cunning considerations, but from the feeling, which lied in the soul of the commander in chief, so the same as in the soul of each Russian man.

And upon learning that for tomorrow we attack the enemy, from the higher spheres of the army upon hearing the confirmation, which they would like to believe, the plagued, hesitant people were comforted and encouraged.

722 im Raum verlegen

723 Der alte Herr macht sich ganz bequem,"

724 des alten Herrn,

725 über diese Eingenommenheit des alten Herrn.

726 Vous ne pensez donc pas comme les autres que nous sommes obligés de nous retirer?

— Au contraire, votre altesse, dans les affaires indécises c’est toujours le plus opiniâtre qui reste victorieux, et mon opinion... (So you do not think like the others that we are obligated to withdraw? 

- On the contrary, your highness, in indecisive affairs it is always the most obstinate who remains victorious, and my opinion...)

Time: eleven o'clock, two o'clock
Mentioned: the morning, to-morrow

Locations: Gorki
Mentioned: French, Semenovskoe, Borodino, Russians, Germans

Pevear and Volokhonsky Notes: Kutuzov, with more emphasis on his gray head and heavy body. Similar to Bagration early in the novel, he doesn't give any orders, but he agrees or disagrees with suggestions. "by his old man's mind he understood, that one man cannot lead hundreds of thousands of men struggling with death, and he knew that the fate of a battle is decided not by the commander in chief's instructions....but by that elusive force known as the spirit of the troops"
He hears that Bagration is wounded and rather than having a big reaction, he calmly asks someone to go ride and check to see how bad it is. He receives the false news of Murat being wounded and tells those around him to wait before celebrating, though he sends a messenger to use this information to encourage the troops.
Kutuzov believes things are going well overall but finds himself unable to keep up physically. Barclay de Tolly, described as sensible, believes the battle to be lost. Wolzogen and Kutuzov have an episode where Wolzogen treats him extremely casually and contemptuously (again, see early in the novel). Kutuzov gets angry and insists that as commander in chief, he knows the general course of the battle better than Tolly or Wolzogen (how this is not arrogant like Napoleon is a little lost on me). Kutuzov insists the enemy is defeated, that they will attack them again tomorrow, and they will be driven out of Russia. Raevsky, whom Kutuzov considers "my hero", rides up and gives Kutuzov the good news he wants to hear (interestingly, this happens in French).
"by some indefinable, mysterious connection, which maintains the same mood through an entire army, which is known as the spirit of the army, and constitutes the central nerve of war, Kutuzov's words, his orders to fight the next day, were conveyed simultaneously to all ends of the army...in the soul of every Russian man...the confirmation of what they wanted to believe..."

Characters (characters who do not appear, but are mentioned are placed in italics. First appearances are in Bold. First mentions are underlined. Final appearance denoted by *):

Kutuzof (also "commander-in-chief", "old man", "general-in-chief", "the old gentleman", and "serene highness".)

Pierre

Prince Piotr Ivanovitch Bagration

Prince of Wurttemberg (as in Dole and Briggs. "...Wurtemberg" in Wiener, Garnett, and Bell. "Duke of Wurtemberg" in Maude. Also referred to as "your highness". He also has an aide that rides back.)

Dokhturof (debatable whether he is in the chapter or not, but it seems an order was sent to him.)

Murat

Shcherbinin 

Yermolof

Napoleon

Uvarof

Flugel-adjutant Woltzogen (also called a field marshal.)

Prince Andrei

Barclay de Tolly (Also "General Barclay". called "prudent".)

Rayevsky (also called "my hero".)

Kaisarof (it is not clear which one this is, but most likely Paisi. Also called "his adjutant".)

(also soldiers in general, adjutants, and Kutuzof's staff.)

Abridged Versions: Chapter 6 in Bell.

Gibian: Chapter 35.

Fuller: Chapter is preserved and followed by a line break.

Komroff: We skip the wounding of Bagartion, the Prince of Wurttemberg episode, as well as the apparent capturing of Murat. The chapter ends after the first episode with Woltzogen, cutting the Rayevsky episode and the second Woltzogen episode. Followed by a line break.

Kropotkin: Chapter 21: Chapter is preserved.

Bromfield: No apparent corresponding chapter.

Simmons: Chapter 35: a lot of what is said to Kutuzov before the appearance of Wolzogen, such as Bagration and Murat, is removed.

Additional Notes: Garnett: "Actually General Bonami, rather than Murat, had been taken; the misunderstanding originated when Bonami identified himself as king."

"Duke Alexander Frederick of Wurttemberg (1771-1833) was the brother of Alexander I's mother, Empress Marya Fyodorovna."

Segur/Townsend: Page 167: “Kutuzov...the old marshal resting with his army within earshot of the cllah of combat. Wilso, as fiery and insistent as the occasion demanded, tried in vain to rouse him. At length, carried away by indignation, Wilson called him a traitor, and swore that one of his English subordinates would set out that very instant for St. Petersburg to carry the news of his treatson to the Czar and his allies. His threat did not disturb Kutuzov, who persisted in his inaction, either because the chill of winter had aggravated the chill of age in his enfeebled frame, or his mind was overwhelmed with the weight of so much destruction; or perhaps, another consequence of old age, because he had become prudent where there was almost nothing to risk, and learned to procrastinate when there was no more time to lose. He still seemed to believe, as he had at Malo-Yaroslavets, that the Muscovite winter alone could defeat Napoleon; that this genius, this conqueror of men, had not yet been sufficiently subdued by nature; and that he could leave the honor of the victory to the freezing climate, and vengeance to the sky of Russia.”

Rey/Emanuel: Page 244: "Moreover, because he was Russian, he appeared better able to incarnate the patriotic war that would now unfold, no longer in the Lithuanian provinces, but in the heart of Russian territory. However--and this is not the least paradox of the situation--Kutuzov's nomination as head of the general staff brought only minor changes to a strategy that remained essentially unchanged...Borodino...dead (including Bagration)..."

Mikaberidze: Page 6: “the Grande Armee was grievously depressed and a gloomy silence reigned at its bivouacs. ‘Few battles won had produced such an extraordinary effect on the winners; they seemed to be stupefied,’ described Georges Chambray. ‘After enduring so much pain, deprivation and fatigue to compel the enemy to accept a battle, and having fought so gallantly, they now perceived the results as a terrible massacre that augmented their miseries and made it more uncertain than ever how long this war would lost and how it would end.’...The very fact that Murat’s advance was checked and Mozhaisk had not been seized that day showed that the Russian army was far from being routed and that Russian spirits remained unbroken. Furthermore, this advanced guard action allowed Kutuzov to claim further success for the Russians.”

Book 3 Part 2 Chapter 34 (Chapter 221 overall)

Chapter Summaries: Dole: Re-enforcements. Napoleon's indecision. Napoleon and Belliard. Beausset proposes breakfast. Napoleon like a gamble. Meaning of the long-deferred victory. Napoleon inspects the field. Wholesale butchery.
Briggs: Expected successes are not achieved. Massive, useless slaughter.
Maude: Reinforcement. Belliard appeals to Napoleon. De Beausset proposes breakfast. Friant's division sent in support. The expected success not secured. Continuous and useless slaughter

Translation:

XXXIV.

Generals Napoleon, Davout, Ney and Murat, located in the proximity of this region of fire and even sometimes stopping by at it, a few times introduced in this region of fire orderly and huge masses of troops. Yet nasty to that what was invariably committed in all former battles, instead of the expected news about the flight of the enemy, the orderly masses of troops returned from there disturbed, scared and in droves. They again arranged them, but the people had all become less. At half day Murat sent to Napoleon his adjutant with a demand for reinforcements.

Napoleon sat below the mound and drank punch, when to him jumped up an adjutant of Murat with assurances that the Russians will be smashed, should his majesty give another division.

— Reinforcements? — said Napoleon with strict surprise, as would not understanding his words, and looking at the beautiful boy-adjutant with long curled, black hair (so the same as carried the hair of Murat). "Reinforcements!" thought Napoleon. "Which of them are asking for reinforcements, when in them is the hands of half the army, directed at the weak, not fortified wing of the Russians!"

— Say to the Neapolitan king, — strictly said Napoleon, — that it is no more than half day and that I still do not see the chess position clearly enough. — Go...712

The nice boy-adjutant with the long hair, not letting go with his hand from his hat, heavily sighed, galloping again to there, where people were killed.

Napoleon got up and, suspecting Caulaincourt and Berthier, began to speak with them about deeds not concerning the battle.

In the middle of the conversation, which started to occupy Napoleon, the eyes of Berthier turned to a general with a suite, which on a sweaty horse galloped to the mound. This was Bellard. He, getting down from his horse, with fast steps came up to the emperor and in a bold, loud voice began to prove miserable reinforcements. He swore on his honor that the Russians would die, should the Emperor give another division.

Napoleon lifted his shoulders and, not answering, continued his walk. Bellard loudly and lively began to speak with the generals of the suites surrounding him.

— You are very ardent, Bellard, — said Napoleon, again coming up to the driving general. — It is easy to be mistaken in the fervor of fire. Ride and look, and then come visit me. — Not having time still for Bellard to hide away from kind, as from another party jumped up a newly sent from the field of the battle. — Well, what more?713 — said Napoleon in a tone of a man, annoyed with incessant interference.

— Sire, Duke...714 — started the adjutant.

— Asks for reinforcements? — with an angry gesture spoke Napoleon. The adjutant affirmatively tipped his head and began to report; but the Emperor turned away from him, made two steps, stopped, returned backwards and called upon Berthier. — Need to give reserves, — he said, a little conducting his hands. — Whom to send there, how do you think? — he turned to Berthier, to this caterpillar, whom I made an eagle,715 as he afterwards called him.

— Sire, send the division of Claparede, — said Berthier, remembering by heart all divisions, regiments and battalions.

Napoleon affirmatively nodded his head.

The adjutant galloped to the division of Claparede. And through a few minutes the young guard, standing behind the mound, set off from their places. Napoleon silently watched by this direction.

— No, — he turned suddenly to Berthier, — I cannot send Claparede. Send the division of Frian, — he said.

Although there were no advantages so that to instead of Claparede send the division of Frian and even was the obvious inconvenience and slowdown in stopping now Claparede and sending Frian, but the order was with precision executed. Napoleon did not see that he in regards to his troops played the role of doctor who prevents their own medicines — a role which he so rightly understood and condemned.

The division of Frian, so the same as others, were hid in the smoke of the field of the battle. From the different parties continued to jump up adjutants, and all, as would by agreement, said one and the same. All requested reinforcements, all said that the Russians hold onto their places and produce hellish fire,716 from which was melting the French army.

Napoleon sat in reverie on a folding chair.

The hungry from the morning m-r de Beausset (Mr. de Bosse), loving to travel, came up to the emperor, and dared to respectfully propose his majesty to have breakfast.

— I hope that now already I can congratulate your majesty with victory, — he said.

Napoleon silently negatively shook his head. Believing that negation applies to victory, but not to breakfast, m-r de Beausset (Mr. de Bosse) allowed himself to playfully and respectfully notice that there were no reasons in the world that could hinder breakfast, when this can be done.

—Get out...717 — suddenly and gloomily said Napoleon and turned away. A blessed smile of regret, remorse and delight came out on the face of the gentleman Bosse, and he in a floating step walked away to the other generals.

Napoleon felt a heavy feeling, like that which tests an always happy player, crazily throwing their money, always winning, and suddenly, it was so, when he calculated all the randomness of the game, felt that the more thought out were his moves, by that he had rather lost.

The troops were the same, the generals the same, the same was the preparation, the same disposition, the same short and energetic proclamation,718 he himself was that same, he knew this, he knew that he was even much more experienced and more skillful now than he was before, even the enemy was that same as under Austerlitz and Friedland; but the terrible swing of the hand fell enchanting and powerlessly.

All those former tricks, happened invariably in crowned success: and the concentration of the batteries at one point, and the attack of the reserves for breaking through the lines, and the attack of the cavalry of iron people,719 all these tricks were now used, and not only was there not victory, but with all parties came only that same news about slain and wounded generals, about the need of reinforcements, about the impossibility to knock down the Russians and about the disappointment of troops.

Before, after two or three orders, two or three phrases, galloped with congratulations and fun faces of marshals and adjutants, announcing the trophies of the corps’ captives, the bunches of enemy eagles banners,720 guns, and wagons and Murat requesting only permission to let the cavalry pick up the wagons. So it was under Lodi, Marengo, Arcolem, Jena, Austerlitz, Wagram, and so onwards, and so onwards. Now already, something strange was happening with his troops.

Despite the news about the taking of flushes, Napoleon saw that this was not that, really not that, that was in all his former battles. He saw that the same feeling, which he felt, tested all his surrounding people, experienced in the case of battles. All faces were sad, all eyes avoided each other. Only Bosse alone could not understand the meanings of what was committed. Napoleon already after his long experience of war knew well, — what meant, in the continuation of 8 hours, after all efforts were used, a not won attacking battle. He knew what it was to lose this battle and that the slightest accident could now — in that taut point of hesitation, in which stood the battle — ruin him and his troops.

When he sorted through in his imagination all this strange Russian campaign, in which not was won one battle, in which in two months was not taken banners, guns, or corps of troops, when he saw in the stealthy faces surrounding and listening to the reports about how the Russians all stood — a scary feeling, like that feeling experienced in dreaming, covered him, and came in his head all the miserable randomness, powerful to ruin him. The Russians could attack on his left wing, could tear up his middle, a crazy cannonball could kill him himself. All this was possible. In his former battles, he pondered only the randomness of success, now again a countless number of miserable accidents presented to him, and he saw them all. Yes, this was as in a dream, when a person presents to advance at his villain, and the person in the dream swings and strokes his villain with that terrible effort, which, he knows, must destroy him, and feels that his hand, powerless and soft, falls as a rag, and the horror of irresistible destruction covers the helpless man.

News about how the Russian attack of the left flank of the French army excited in Napoleon this horror. He silently sat under the mound in the folding chair, lowered his head and placed his elbows on his knees. Berthier came up to him and proposed to take a ride by the lines, so to make sure at which position was found the business.

— What? What do you speak? — said Napoleon. — Yes, tell to give me a horse.

He sat down on horseback and went to Semenovsky.

In slowly divergent powder smoke by all that space which rode Napoleon, — in puddles of blood lied horses and people by one and heaps. Like that horror, such the quantity of slain in such a small space, were never seen more by Napoleon, and none of his generals. The rumble of cannons, not ceasing for nine hours in a row and torturing the ear, attached particular significance to the spectacle (as music in a live picture). Napoleon left to the height of Semenovsky and through the smoke saw ranks of people in uniform colors unusual for his eyes. These were Russian.

The Russians in dense rows were standing behind Semenovsky and the mound, and their guns did not cease to hum and smoke by their lines. The battle now was not. Continued the murder, which or why could not be lucky for the Russians or French. Napoleon stopped his horse and fell again in that reverie, from which he was brought out by Berthier; he could not stop these affairs, which were done before him and around him, and which he counted as guided by and dependent from him, and this business for the first time, owing to failure, presented to him as unnecessary and terrible.

One of the generals, driving to Napoleon, allowed himself to propose to him to introduce in the business the old guard. Ney and Berthier, standing beside Napoleon, exchanged glances between themselves and contemptuously smiled at the senseless proposal of this general.

Napoleon lowered his head and for long kept silent.

— For 3200 versts from France I cannot give to smash up the guard,721 — he said and, turning his horse, went backwards to Shevardin.

712 Dites au roi de Naples, qu’il n’est pas midi et que je ne vois pas encore clair sur mon échiquier. Allez.... (Tell the King of Naples, that it is not noon and that I still do not see clearly on my chessboard. Go...)

713 Eh bien qu’est ce qu’il y a? (Well what is it?)

714 Sire, le Prince... (Sir, the prince...)

715 oison que j’ai fait aigle, (goslings that I made an eagle,)

716 un feu d’enfer, (a hellfire,)

717 Allez vous... (Are you going...)

718 proclamation courte et énergique, (short and energetic proclamation,)

719 des hommes de fer, (men of iron,)

720 des faisceaux de drapeaux et d’aigles ennemis, (bundles of enemy flags and eagles,)

721 A huit cent lieux de France je ne ferai pas démolir ma garde, (Eight hundred places from France I will not demolish my guard,)

Time: the middle of the day
Mentioned: morning

Locations: see previous chapter, Semenovskoe
Mentioned: Naples, Russians, Austerlitz, Friedland, Lodi, Marengo, Arcole (Arcola in Maude, Mandelker, and Bell), Jena, Wagram, France (and French), Shevardino

Pevear and Volokhonsky Notes:
Murat, because the Russian troops keep coming back "as disorderly, frightened crowds." Napoleon is still drinking punch in a comic touch. There is a great parenthetical on the adjutant who has the same hair as Murat. Napoleon says that he doesn't see his chessboard clearly and and refuses reinforcements. Belliard begs a distracted Napoleon (again talking about things that don't concern the battle) to bring reinforcements to crush the Russian army. After a third person comes to ask for reinforcements, Napoleon relents, then changes his mind as to which division to send, which causes an inconvenience but is carried out. This is the pay off for Napoleon's rant against doctors (as well as Tolstoy's in the Natasha section of the novel): "he was playing the role of the doctor whose medications are a hindrance--a role he so correctly understood and disapproved of."
M. de Beausset is ready for lunch, asks Napoleon if he is able to congratulate him on a victory, further cementing the comedy of the scene.
"Napoleon was experiencing a painful feeling similar to that which is always experienced by a lucky gambler, who madly threw his money about, always won, and suddenly, precisely when he has calculated all the chances of the game, feels that the more he thinks over his move, the more certain he is to lose."
Tolstoy spends time emphasizing how everything is the same as it had been for the French, but they are getting a different result. The reason they are not winning Borodino is not because something has changed. We then get a big focus on Napoleon's introspection and his "terrible feeling". "It was all possible." At the suggestion of Berthier, Napoleon begins to ride to see the results of the battle, which gets another description. "There was no longer any battle. There was a continuous slaughter, which could lead nowhere either for the Russians or for the French."
Someone suggests he send his old guard into battle, but he doesn't want to have it destroyed "eight hundred leagues from France."

Characters (characters who do not appear, but are mentioned are placed in italics. First appearances are in Bold. First mentions are underlined. Final appearance denoted by *):

Napoleon (also "majesty" and "emperor". And his horse.)

Davoust

Ney

Murat (Also "King of Naples". And his aide or aide-de-camp.)

Caulaincourt

Berthier (who Napoleon also calls "that gosling that I made into an eagle".)

Belliard

Claparede (as in Dole, Maude, Edmonds, and Mandleker. "Clarapede" in Dunnigan.)

Friant 

M. de Beausset

(also of course troops on both sides, the generals in the suite, a new messenger from the battlefield that is an aide-de-camp (he refers to a prince but it is unclear who), a theoretical doctor, gambler, and dreaming man (and murderer) used as an analogy.)

Abridged Versions: End of Chapter 5 in Bell. Edmonds does not use a star in the way she normally shows a line break but puts a traditional line break after "and his army in ruin." before "When he ran his mind".

Gibian: Chapter 34.

Fuller: Entire chapter is cut.

Komroff: We pick up with "In the middle of the day Murat sent his adjutant..". The initial sending of Claparede before deciding on Friant is removed. The M. Beausset episode is also removed. The introspection of Napoleon is also severely shortened. Chapter ends with a line break.

Kropotkin: Chapter 20: Chapter is preserved.

Bromfield: No apparent corresponding chapter.

Simmons: Chapter 34: Napoleon refuses frequent demands for reinforcements. He is depressed over the failure of his troops to achieve the expected quick victory.

Additional Notes: Mandelker: "Lodi....Wagram": these were some of Napoleon's most remarkable victories. Lodi and Marengo are northern Italian locations where Napoleon defeated the Austrians in 1800. Arcole is a village near Verona, where Napoleon won a victory in 1796 despite being outnumbered by the Austrians. At Jena in 1806 Napoleon heavily defeated the Prussians and Saxons. Wagram is a village near Vienna, where the decisive victory over the Austrians in 1809 won the war."

Speirs: Page 69: “War is compared at one moment with a game of chess, and at another with a zoological migration. Each concept seems valid until the other shows it to be wildly wrong on its own, very different terms.”

Johnson: Page 62: “at Aspern, the battle was drawn while it was actually taking place by a professional Austrian watercolourist who was perched high on a building from which he could survey most of the field. His work’s verisimilitude leaves an impression of great confusion. No wonder experienced generals favoured simple plans. Issuing fresh orders was not easy. They usually had to be carried by the hand of a brave and reliable aide-de-camp. Berthier, as staff chief, always sent more than one officer with duplicate orders - sometimes a dozen if the distance was great.”

Segur/Townsend: Page 46: "Murat's habitual recklessness...When the fighting was over and the enemy no longer held his attention, Murat gave himself up entirely to the recollection of his quarrel. Shut up in his tent with Belliard, as if in hiding, his blood grew hotter from shame and rage as the expressions the marshal had used returned to his memory...What difference do the Emperor's anger and decision make to me? It's up to me to avenge this wrong. Who cares for his noble blood? My sword made me king, and I call upon my sword now!" And he was in the act of seizing his arms to attack Davout when Belliard stopped him."

Book 3 Part 2 Chapter 33 (Chapter 220 overall)

Chapter Summaries: Dole: Chief action of Borodino. Napoleon's enforced ignorance. Impossibility of directing such a battle. The domain of death.
Briggs: The battle proceeds in its own way despite the many orders issued.
Maude: The course of the battle. Difficulty of discerning what was going on. Things take their own course apart from the orders issued
Pevear and Volokhonsky (Chapters 33-34): Napoleon during the battle. His generals ask for reinforcements. He reflects on the difference between the battle and all his previous ones.

Translation:

XXXIII.

The main action of the battle of Borodino happened in a space of 1000 sazhen between Borodino and the flushes of Bagration. (Beyond this space, from one party was made Russian in the half day demonstration of the cavalry of Uvarov, from another party behind Utitsy was the collision of Ponyatovsky with Tuchkov; but these were two separate and weak actions in comparison with that what was happening in the middle of the field of battle.) In the field between Borodino and the flushes, in the forest, in the open and prominent with both parties throughout, happened the main action of the battle in a very simple, ingenuous way.

The battle started in a cannonade from both parties from several hundred cannons.

Then, when the smoke covered all the field, in this smoke moved (with the parties of the French) right two divisions of Desse and Compana to the flushes, and the left regiments of the vice-king, to Borodino.

From the Shevardin redoubt, at which stood Napoleon, the flushes were found out at distant versts, but Borodino was more than two versts in distance by the straight lines, and because Napoleon could not see what was happening there the more that the smoke merged with the fog, hiding all the terrain. The soldiers of the division of Desse, directed at the flushes, were visible only to those while they had not come down below the ravine separating them from the flush. As soon as they came down at the ravine, the smoke of the shots of guns and cannon on the flushes had become so thick that it covered all the lifting of those parties of the ravine. Through smoke flashed there something black, probably, the people, and sometimes the shine of bayonets. Yet whether they moved or were standing, whether this was French or Russian, could not be seen from the Shevardin redoubt.

The sun rose light and beat oblique rays on all the face of Napoleon, watching from below his hand at the flushes. The smoke laid down before the flushes, and then it seemed that the smoke moved, then it seemed that the troops moved. Heard sometimes from behind the shots was the shouting of people, but it could not be known what they did there.

Napoleon, standing up on the mound, watched in a pipe, and in the little circle of the pipe he saw smoke and people, sometimes theirs, sometimes Russians; but where was that what he saw, he did not know, when he watched again with simply his eyes.

He came down from the mound and began to back and forward walk before it.

Occasionally he stopped, listened to shots and peered at the field of the battle.

Not only from this place downwards, where he stood, not only from the mound, on which were standing now some of his generals, but from the very flushes, on which were found out now together alternately Russian, then French, dead, wounded and living, frightened or maddened soldiers, could it be understood what was done in that location. In the continuation of several hours in this location, among unceasing shooting guns and cannons, appeared only Russian, then only French, then infantry, then cavalry soldiers; appearing, falling, firing, colliding, not knowing what to do with each other, shouting and running backwards.

From the field of the battle incessantly galloped over to Napoleon his sent adjutants and orderlies of his marshals with reports about the course of affairs; but all these reports were false: because of how in the heat of the battle it was impossible to say what was going on in a given moment, and because of how many adjutants did not ride as far as to the current place of the battle, but delivered that what they had heard from others; and still because that while the adjutant was driving through those two to three versts which separated him from Napoleon, circumstances changed, and the news which he carried already had become wrong. So from the vice-king jumped up an adjutant with news that Borodino was occupied and the bridge at Koloch was in the hands of the French. The adjutant asked Napoleon whether he ordered the troops to go over. Napoleon ordered to line up on that side and wait; but not only at that time as Napoleon gave back this order, but even when the adjutant had only drove off from Borodino, the bridge now was repulsed and burned by the Russians, at that very fight, at which Pierre participated in at the very beginning of the battle.

Rode up from the flush, with a pale, scared face an adjutant denouncing to Napoleon that the attack was repulsed, and that Comlan was injured and Davout was killed, but between those flushes were busy with another part of the troops, at that time as the adjutant said that the French were repulsed, Davout was alive and had only a little contusion. Contemplating with the same necessarily false reports, Napoleon made his orders, which now were executed before he did them, or the same could not be and were not executable.

The marshals and generals, located in a closer distance from the field of the battle, but so the same as Napoleon not participating in the very battle and only occasionally stopping by under the fire of bullets, not asking Napoleon, made their orders and gave back their orders about what and where from to fire, and where to gallop horses and where to run on foot soldiers. Yet even their orders, exactly so the same as the orders of Napoleon, to the smallest extent and seldom happened to the entrusted. The most part came out disgusting to that what they ordered. The soldiers which were ordered to go forward, hit under grapeshot, ran backwards; the soldiers which were ordered to stand in location, suddenly saw against themselves suddenly appearing Russians, sometimes ran backwards, sometimes threw forward, and the cavalry galloped without orders catching up to the running Russians. So the two regiments of cavalry jumped across Semenovsky ravine, and only now left at the mountain, turned, and in all spirit jumped backwards. so the same moved infantry soldiers, sometimes running over really not there where they were ordered. All the orders about where and when to move the guns, when to send the on foot soldiers — to fire, when the equestrian — trampling the Russians on foot, all these orders made themselves the nearest chiefs parts, formerly in the ranks, not asking even Ney, Davout and Murat, not Napoleon alone. They were not afraid of penalties for the non-performance of orders or for unauthorized dispositions, because of how in the battle business concerns itself with what is dear for humanity — their own life, and sometimes it seems that salvation concludes in flight backwards, sometimes in flight forward, and according to the mood of the minutes acted these people located in the very fervor of the battle. In all these same entities of movements forward and backwards were not facilitated and not changed the situation of troops. All their incursions and swoops on each other almost produced no harm to them, but were harmed, killed and mutilated by the inflicted shot and bullets flying everywhere by that space which rushed about these people. Only as these people exited from this space, by which flew shots and bullets, so the immediately same, standing back, chiefs formed, subjugated discipline and under the influence of this discipline introduced again in the region of fire, at which they again (under the influence of the fear of death) suffered discipline and rushed about by the random mood of the crowd.

Time: undefined (see previous chapters)

Locations: Borodino, Shervadino redoubt
Mentioned: Bagration's fleches, Utitsa, French, Russians, Kolocha, Semenovskoe

Pevear and Volokhonsky Notes:
We go back to a birds-eye view of Borodino. "the main action of the battle took place in the most simple, artless way." There is a heavy emphasis on the smoke and the inability to see anything and this is set up so we have Napoleon being unable to see what is going on in the battle. "it was impossible to understand what was happening on that place." All the information Napoleon gets is false or becomes false due to changing circumstances, most importantly the bridge that Pierre was a witness to and a part of.
"For the most part, what came out was the opposite of what they had ordered....in battle it is a matter of what is dearest to a man--his own life--and it sometimes seems that salvation lies in running back, sometimes in running forward...All their assaults and attacks on each other caused almost no harm; the harm, death, and mutilation were caused by the cannonballs and bullets that flew everywhere".

Characters (characters who do not appear, but are mentioned are placed in italics. First appearances are in Bold. First mentions are underlined. Final appearance denoted by *):

Bagration 

Uvarof

Poniatowski

Tutchkof

Dessaix 

Campan

Murat (also "viceroy" and his aide.)

Napoleon (also his aides and his marshals' orderlies.)

Pierre

Davoust

Ney

(also, of course, the French and Russian armies in general, as well as their specific parts. Also generals.)

Abridged Versions: Start of Chapter 5 in Bell with no break at end.

Gibian: Chapter 33.

Fuller: Entire chapter is cut.

Komroff: Only two paragraphs, specifying that Napoleon looks out to the battlefield but cannot see anything while receiving contradictory and untrue reports, is kept. No break.

Kropotkin: Chapter 19: Chapter is preserved until "they did not stop to consult with either Ney or Davoust or Murat, and certainly not with Napoleon." This cuts out the very end of the chapter in which we get what you might call a soldier's perspective in which men do not follow orders but do "whatever disposition was paramount in the throng."

Bromfield: No apparent corresponding chapter.

Simmons: Chapter 33: Entire chapter is cut and replaced with: "Tolstoy explains that it was impossible for Napoleon, from where he was standing on the Shevardino Redoubt, to see what was happening on the field of battle at Borodino, a mile away, especially as the smoke mingling with the mist hid the whole locality and that therefore things took their own course apart from the orders issued."

Additional Notes:

Sevastopol in May 1855: Page 59: “It is all very well to call some conqueror a monster because he destroys millions to gratify his ambition, but go and ask any Ensign Petrushev or Sub-Lieutenant Antonov on their conscience, and you will find that everyone of us is a little Napoleon, a petty monster ready to start a battle and kill a hundred men merely to get an extra medal or one-third additional pay.”

Mikaberidze: Page 5: “Thus Joseph de Maistre informed the Sardinian foreign minister that he had heard that ‘by the end of the battle (Borodino) the French had completely run out of ammunition and were throwing stones’..

Roberts: Page 445: “As the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars progressed, the casualty rates in battles incresed exponentially: at Fleurus they were 6% of the total number of men engaged, at Austerlitz 15%, at Eylau 26%, at Borodino 31%, and at Waterloo 45%. This was partly because with ever-larger armies being raised, battles tended to last longer - Eylau was Napoleon’s first two-day engagement since Arcole; Eggmuhl, Aspern-Essling and Wagram in 1809, Desden in 1813 were also two and Leipzig in 1813 went on for three - but mainly because of the huge increase in the numbers of cannon present. At Austerlitz the ratio was two guns per thousand men, but by Eylau this had leapt to nearly 4, and at Borodino there were 4.5. Eylau therefore represented a new kind of battle of the Napoleonic Wars, best summed up by Ney at its close: ‘What a massacre! And without any result!”

Book 3 Part 2 Chapter 32 (Chapter 219 overall)

Chapter Summaries: Dole: The struggle in the battery. Yermolof's charge.
Briggs: The redoubt is taken and retaken. Pierre tackles a French officer.
Maude: The redoubt captured by the French. Pierre's conflict with a French officer. The redoubt retaken by the Russians

Translation:

XXXII.

Pierre, not remembering himself from fear, jumped up and ran backwards to the battery, as at the only refuge from all the horrors surrounding him.

At that time as Pierre entered in the trench, he saw that in the battery shots were not heard, but that people did something there. Pierre did not have time to understand what were these people. He saw the elder colonel, backwards to him lying on the shaft, as if considering something downwards and saw one, noticing him soldier, who, tearing forward from the people, held him behind the arm, shouted: "Brothers!" and saw still something strange.

Yet he did not still have time to realize that the colonel was killed, that the one that shouted "brothers!" was captive, that at his eyes was stabbed by a bayonet in the back another soldier. He barely ran into the trench, as a thin, yellow, with a sweaty face person in a blue uniform, with a sword in his hand, ran over to him, shouting something. Pierre, instinctively defending from a push, as they had not seen each other fleeing, put up a hand and grabbed this man (this was a French officer) one hand for the shoulder, another for the throat. The officer, releasing his sword, grabbed Pierre for the collar.

For some seconds they both with scared eyes looked at the alien to each other’s face, and were in perplexity about what they had done, and what they were doing."Whether I will take him into captivity, or he will take me into captivity?" thought both of them. Yet obviously the French officer was more bowed to the thought that he will be taken into captivity because of how the strong hand of Pierre, movable by unwitting fear, all tighter and tighter squeezed his throat. The Frenchman wanted to say something, as suddenly above their heads was a low and fearfully whistling cannon ball, and to Pierre it seemed that the head of the French officer was torn off: so fast he bent it.

Pierre also bent down his head and let his hand go. Not thinking more about who will take whom in captivity, the Frenchman ran backwards to the battery, but Pierre under the mountain, stumbling on the slain and wounded, which, it seemed to him, caught him behind his legs. Yet he did not have time to get downwards, as towards him appeared a dense crowd of running Russian soldiers, which, falling, stumbling and shouting, funnily and violently ran to the battery. (This was that attack, which attributed Ermolov to himself, saying that only his courage and fortune could possibly do this feat, and that attack at which he as if would have thrown on the mound a St. George's cross, formerly in his pocket.)

The French who occupied the battery ran. Our troops with a screaming of hoorah, so long away behind the battery drove away the French that it was difficult to stop them.

From the battery was brought captives, including a wounded French General, who was surrounded by officers. A crowd of wounded, acquaintances and strangers to Pierre, Russians and French, with disfigured miserable faces, went, crawling and carried on stretchers from the battery. Pierre entered on the mound, where he spent another hour of time, and from this family circle, which accepted him to themselves, he found nobody. Many here were dead, strangers to him. Yet some he found. The young officer sat, all so the same curled up at the edge of the shaft, in a puddle of blood. The redhead soldier still twitched, but he was not cleared out.

Pierre ran downwards.

"No, now they will leave this, now they are terrified of what they have done!" thought Pierre, aimlessly directing behind the droves of stretchers, moving from the field of the battle.

Yet the sun, covered in smoke, still stood high, and ahead, and in particular to the left at Semenovsky, boiled something in smoke, and the rumble of shots, shooting and cannonade not only did not weaken, but intensified to despair, as a person, who strains to shout from their last forces.

Time: See previous chapter, a few seconds, more than an hour

Locations: See previous chapter
Mentioned: French, Russian, Semenovskoe

Pevear and Volokhonsky Notes: Pierre watches the battle fall into further chaos, confusion, and violence. A French officer then grabs Pierre and both of them are confused as to who had who and Pierre's size works to his advantage. A cannonball causes them to run away from each other with the Frenchman "stumbling over the dead and wounded, who, it seemed to him, tried to catch him by the legs."
Parenthetical on some Russian soldiers Pierre sees charging: "This was the attack which Ermolov took credit for, saying that only his courage and good luck had made possible this exploit, during which he supposedly threw up into the barrow some St. George Crosses that he had in his pocket."
After Pierre sees the horrendous dead and wounded, he decides that now the battle must stop because everyone will be some horrified by what has happened. However, things only intensify and get worse.

Characters (characters who do not appear, but are mentioned are placed in italics. First appearances are in Bold. First mentions are underlined. Final appearance denoted by *):

Pierre 

Yermolof

(Also many French and Russian soldiers. From last chapter (all killed): the old colonel, one of the artillerists, the young officer, and the rubicund soldier. Also in the chapter are a second soldier stabbed in the back by a bayonet and the French officer that grabs Pierre.)

Abridged Versions: End of Chapter 4 in Bell.

Gibian: Chapter 32.

Fuller: Chapter is preserved and followed by a line break.

Komroff: Despite it being illustrated, the episode with the French officer and Pierre is removed. The rest of the chapter is preserved.

Kropotkin: Entire chapter is cut.

Bromfield: No apparent corresponding chapter.

Simmons: Chapter 32: The Yermolov section of the chapter is cut.

Additional Notes:

Ure: Page 156: “General Yermolov - a Russian hero of the Napoleonic wars - was sent as Commander-in-Chief to the Caucasus….in 1818, Yermolov had resolved to teach the Chechens a lesson: he left a field gun apparently abandoned, but when the tribesmen descended to make off with it they found that all the surrounding Russian artillery had been trained on this one spot and 200 Chechens were killed and as many again wounded before they realized they had fallen into a trap. Yermolov was not a man to be trifled with.”

Mikaberidze: Page 13: Always an intriguer, Yermolov…”

Roberts: Page 605: “When the 120-house village of Semyonovskoe was captured by Davout in the late morning, Napoleon was able to move up artillery to fire into the Russian left flank. Noon saw the crisis of the battle as several marshals - there were seven present, and two future ones - begged Napoleon to unleash the Imperial Guard to smash through the Russian line while it was still extended. Rapp, who was wounded four times in the battle, also implored Napoleon to do this.”

Book 3 Part 2 Chapter 31 (Chapter 218 overall)

Chapter Summaries: Dole: Pierre at the bridge. Under fire. Le bapteme du feu. Pierre at the Kurgan. Adopted by the artillerymen. Scraps of conversation. Lack of ammunition. Death of the little officer. Pierre goes after ammunition. Stunned.
Briggs: Pierre sees violent action in and around the Rayevsky redoubt.
Maude: Pierre at the Borodino bridge. Under fire. Goes to Raevski's Redoubt. His horse wounded under him. The Raevski Redoubt. The young officer. Pierre is accepted at the Redoubt as one of the family. The flame of hidden fire in the men's souls. Shortage of ammunition. Pierre sees ammunition wagons blown up
Pevear and Volokhosnky (Chapters 31-32): Pierre rides to the Ravsky redoubt. Among the artillerists. Around him the redoubt is taken and retaken.

Translation:

XXXI.

The general, behind which galloped Pierre, going down under the mountain, coolly turned to the left and Pierre, having lost him of kind, jumped up to the ranks of the infantry soldiers, marching ahead of him. He tried to leave from them forward, then to the left, then to the right; but everywhere were soldiers, with equally preoccupied faces, busy with some invisible, but obviously important business. All with equally displeased and interrogative looks looked at this thick man in a white hat, unknown for what trampling them with his horse.

— What rides in the middle of the battalion! — one shouted at him. Another pushed the butt of his horse, and Pierre, huddled to the bow and barely holding his shied away horse, jumped out forward of the soldiers, where it was spacious.

Ahead of him was a bridge, but at the bridge, shooting, were standing other soldiers. Pierre drove to them. Himself not knowing this, Pierre drove in to the bridge across the Koloch, which was between Gorky and Borodino, and at which the first action of the battle (occupying Borodino) attacked the French. Pierre saw that ahead of him was a bridge, and from both parties at the bridge and at the meadow, at those ranks of lying hay, which he saw yesterday, in the smoke soldiers did something; but, despite the incessant shooting happening at this location, he in no way thought that here was the field of the battle. He did not hear the noises of bullets, screeching from all parties, and the strikes, flying over across it, did not see the enemy, arriving on that side of the river, and for long did not see the slain and wounded, although many fell near from it. With a smile not coming off from his face, he looked around himself.

— What rides before this line? — again shouted someone at him.

— To the left, to the right take it, — he shouted.

Pierre took to the right and suddenly came together with a familiar to him adjutant of General Raevsky. This adjutant angrily looked at Pierre, obviously pulling together also to give a shout at him, but, upon learning of him, nodded his head.

— How are you here? — he spoke and galloped farther.

Pierre, feeling himself not in his location and without affairs, fearing to again hinder someone, galloped behind the adjutant.

— This here, is what again? Can I go with you? — he asked.

— Now, now, — was the response of the adjutant and, jumping to a thick colonel, standing at the meadow, delivered something to him and so now turned to Pierre.

— You what for are hit here, count? — he said to him with a smile. — All curious?

— Yes, yes, — said Pierre. Yet the adjutant, turning his horse, rode farther.

— Here thank God, — said the adjutant; — but at the left flank at Bagration’s a terrible roast is going.

— Is it really? — ask Pierre. — This is where again?

— Yes here go with me to the mound, from where it is seen. But we have a battery still passable, — said the adjutant. — What but, ride?

— Yes, I will go with you, — said Pierre, looking around himself and looking for the eyes of his horse trainer. Here only for the first time Pierre saw the wounded, wandering by foot and carried on stretchers. At this very meadow with odorous rows of hay, by which he drove through yesterday, across the ranks, awkwardly tucking his head, still lied one soldier with a fallen down shako. — But this from what is not raised? — was starting Pierre; but, seeing the strict face of the adjutant, looking back at that same side, he fell silent.

Pierre did not find his horse trainer and together with the adjutant went by the bottom of the hollow to the mound of Raevsky. The horse of Pierre was behind against the adjutant and evenly shook him.

— It is seen you are not used to riding on horseback, count? — asked the adjutant.

— No, nothing, but she very much jumps at something, — with perplexity said Pierre.

— Uh!... Yes it is wounded, — said the adjutant, — right, front, above the knee. It must be a bullet. Congratulations, count, — he said, — the baptism of fire.710

Driving in the smoke by the sixth corps, behind the artillery, which, putting forward shots, were stunning their own shots, they arrived to a small wood. In the wood was cool, quiet and it smelled of autumn. Pierre and the adjutant got off from their horses and by foot entered onto the mountain.

— Here is the general? — asked the adjutant, coming up to the mound.

— Now they were, go here, — pointing to the right, answering him.

The adjutant turned back to Pierre, as if not knowing what now to do with him.

— Do not worry, — said Pierre. — I will go to the mound, can I?

— Yes go, from there all is seen and is not so dangerous. But I will call for you.

Pierre went to the battery, and the adjutant went farther. They were not seen, and now much after Pierre found out that this adjutant on this day had his arm ripped off.

The mound, on which entered Pierre, was that famous (then famous to the Russians under the name of the barrow battery or the battery of Raevsky, but to the French under the name of the much redoubt, fatal redoubt, central redoubt)711 place, around which were put ten thousand people and which the French counted the most important point of positions.

This redoubt consisted of a mound, at which with three parties were dug up ditches. At the entrenched ditch location were standing nine shooting guns, protruding at the hole of shafts.

At the line with the mound were standing from both parties guns, also incessantly shooting. A little behind the guns were standing infantry troops. Entering on this mound, Pierre in no way thought that this entrenched small ditched place, at which stood and shot a few guns, was a very major place in the battle.

To Pierre, the opposite, it seemed that this place (it was because of how he was found out at it) was one of the most minor places of the battle.

Entering on the mound, Pierre sat down at the end of the ditches surrounding the battery and with an unconsciously joyful smile watched that what was done around him. Occasionally Pierre all with that same smile got up and, trying to not hinder soldiers, charging and rolling guns, incessantly running past him with bags and charges, paced by the battery. The guns from this battery incessantly one behind another fired, stunning their own sounds and covering all the surrounding with powder smoke.

At the counterposition was that creepy feeling, which was felt between the infantry soldiers in cover, here at the battery, where a not large number of people were busy with the limited business, separated from the other ditch, here felt equal and common to all, as would a family of revitalization.

The appearance of the non-military figure of Pierre in his white hat first unpleasantly struck these people. The soldiers, passing by him, were surprised and even scaredly squinted at his figure. An older artillery officer, tall with long feet, a pockmarked person, as if so that to look at the action of the extreme guns, came up to Pierre and curiously looked at him.

A young, chubby officer, still an absolute child, obviously only now released from the corps, disposing of the quite carefully entrusted to him two guns, strictly turned to Pierre.

— Sir, let me ask you from the roads, — he said to him, — here you cannot be.

The soldiers disapprovingly rocked their heads, looking at Pierre. Yet when all made sure that this person in a white hat not only not did no evil, but still sat on the slope of a shaft, or with a timid smile, courteously avoiding before the soldiers, paced by the battery under shots, so the same calmly, as by a boulevard, then little by little the sense of unfriendly perplexity to him began to go over to an affectionate and joking participation, like that, which soldiers have to its animals, dogs, roosters, goats, and to all animals, living in military teams. These soldiers now already mentally passed Pierre in its family, appropriating him to themselves and giving him the nickname: "our baron", about his nickname it was affectionately laughed between themselves.

Another cannonball exploded on the land two steps from Pierre. He, cleaning the sprinkled cannonball land from his dress, with a smile turned back around himself.

— And how of this are you not afraid, baron, right! — turned to Pierre a redhead broad soldier, grinning strong white teeth.

— But you aren't afraid? — asked Pierre.

— But that how again? — was the response of the soldier. — Because it has no mercy, it smacks, so intestines out. It cannot be to not be afraid, — he said laughing.

A few soldiers with fun and affectionate faces stopped beside Pierre. They were as if not awaiting for him to speak, as all, and this opening gladdened them.

— Our business is a soldier’s. But here a baron, so surprising. Here is such a baron!

— By places! — shouted the young officer at the gathered around Pierre soldiers. This young officer apparently carried out his position for the first or second time, and because of this with a special distinctness and form approached with the soldiers and with the chief.

The erratic firing of the guns and weapons intensified by all the weeds, in particular to the left, there where were the flushes of Bagration, but from behind the smoke of shots, from this place where was Pierre, it could not be to see almost anything. Moreover the security for that, as would a family (separated from all others) circle of people, was in the battery, absorbed all the attention of Pierre. His first unconsciously joyful excitement, produced by the look and sounds of the field of the battle, was replaced now, in particular after this kind lonely lying soldier in the meadow, by another feeling. Sitting now at the slope of the ditches, he watched the surrounding him faces.

At the tenth hour already twenty people were carried away from the battery; two guns were smashed, and more and more often in the battery hit shells, and flew in buzzing and whistling distant bullets. Yet the people, formerly in the battery, as if did not notice this; from all parties was heard merry dialect and jokes.

— A pomegranate! — shouted a soldier at the approaching, flying with a whistle grenade — Not here! To the infantry! — with laughter added another, noticing that the grenade flew over and hit in the ranks of the cover.

— What, familiar? — laughed another soldier to a sat down peasant under the flying cannonball.

A few soldiers gathered at the shaft, looking at that what was done ahead.

— And the chain took off, you see, backwards they have passed, — they said, digging across the shaft.

— Their business to see, — shouted at them an old noncommissioned officer. — Backwards they have passed, means back is where the business is. — And the noncommissioned officer, taking behind one shoulder of the soldier, pushed his knee. Was heard laughter.

— To the fifth gun, roll up! — shouted from one of the parties.

— At once, friendlier, by burlack, — was heard the funny shouting changer of the gun.

— Oh, our master’s hat a little bit not knocked down, — showing teeth, laughed at Pierre the redhead joker. — Oh, awkward, — he reproachfully added at a cannonball, hitting at the wheel and the leg of a man. — Well you foxes! — laughed another at the curving militias, entering in the battery behind the wounded. — Or not tasty porridge? Ah, ravens, stabbed! — he shouted at the militias, hesitating before the soldier with the torn off foot. — The tое some, a little, — mimicked the peasant. — passion not love!

Pierre noticed how after each hit shot, after each loss, all more and more flared up the common revitalization.

As from advancing thunderstorm clouds, more and more often, lighter and lighter flashed in the faces of all these people (as would in an ongoing rebuff) lighting a hidden, flaring up fire.

Pierre did not watch the forward field of the battle and was not interested in knowing about what was done there: he was all absorbed in the contemplation of this all more and more flaring up fire, which exactly so the same (he felt) flared up in his soul.

At the ninth hour the infantry soldiers, formerly ahead of the battery in the bushes and by the river Kamenka, retreated. From the battery it was seen how they ran backwards past it, carrying on their guns wounded. Some general with a suite entered on the mound and, talking with the colonel, angrily looking at Pierre, came down again downwards, ordering the covering infantry standing behind the battery, to lie down, so that to be subjected to less shots. Following behind these ranks of infantry, to the right of the battery, was heard a drum, commands shouting, and from the battery it was seen how the ranks of the infantry moved forward.

Pierre watched across the shaft. One face especially was thrown in his eye. This was an officer, who with a pale, young face was walking backwards, carrying a lowered sword, and anxiously looking around.

The ranks of the infantry soldier hid in smoke, was heard their lingering shout and the frequent shooting of guns. In a few minutes a crowd of wounded and stretchers passed from there. In the battery still more often began to hit shells. Some people lied uncleared. About the guns more troublesome and livelier moved the soldiers. No one now turned attention to Pierre. Two times he was angrily shouted at for that he was in the way. The older officer with a frowned face, with large, fast steps went over from one gun to another. The young officer, still more reddened, still harder commanded the soldiers. The soldiers served the charges, turned, charged and did their business with a tense panache. They went bouncing as on springs.

The thunderous cloud moved forward, and brightly in all faces burned that fire, behind the flaring up which watched Pierre. He stood beside the elder officer. The young officer ran up, with a hand to the shako of the senior.

— I have the honor to report, sir colonel, we have only eight charges, whether you order to continue to fire? — he asked.

— Buckshot! — not answering shouted the older officer, watching across the shafts.

Suddenly something happened; the officer gasped and curling up sat down on the land, as flies a wounded bird. All was made weird, not clear and mainly cloudy, in the eyes of Pierre.

One behind another whistled shots and fighting at the parapet, at the soldier, at the guns. Pierre, before not hearing these noises, now only heard these sounds alone. The side view of the battery, the right, with screaming "hoorah" ran soldiers not forward, but backwards, as it seemed to Pierre.

A cannon ball stroked at the very edge of the shaft, before which stood Pierre, poured land, and in his eyes flashed a black ball, and at that same instant slapped something. The militias, included in the battery, ran backwards.

— All buckshot! — shouted the officer.

The noncommissioned officer ran up to the senior officer and in a scared whisper (as for dinner reports a butler to a host that there is no more required wine) said that there were no more charges.

— Robbers, what to do! — shouted the officer, turning around to Pierre. The face of the elder officer was red and his sweaty, frowning eyes shone. — Run to the reserves, bring boxes! — he shouted, angrily going around the look of Pierre and turning to his soldier.

— I will go, — said Pierre. The officer, not answering him, in large steps went to another side.

— Not to fire... Wait! — he shouted.

The soldier, who was ordered to go for the charges, faced with Pierre.

— Oh, baron, there is not a place for you here, — he said and ran downwards.

Pierre ran behind the soldier, going around that place at which sat the young officer.

One, another, a third cannon ball flew by above him, hit ahead, from the sides, to the back. Pierre escaped downwards. "Where am I?" he suddenly remembered, already running up to green boxes. He stopped in indecision, going to his backwards or forward. Suddenly a terrible push threw him backwards, on the land. At that same instant shined much fire illuminating him, and at that same moment rang out a deafening, ringing in the ears thunder, crackle and whistling.

Pierre, waking up, sat on his rear, leaning his hands about the land; the box, about which he was, was not; only lied around green, burnt boards and rags in scorched grass, and a horse, ruffling in the wreckage of the shafts, galloped from him, but another, so the same as Pierre himself, lied on the land and piercingly, lingeringly screamed.

710  le baptême du feu. (the baptism of fire.)

711 la grande redoute, la fatale redoute, la redoute du centre (the great redoubt, the fatal redoubt, the central redoubt)

Time: see previous chapter, ten o'clock, a few minutes later

Locations: Kolocha, Raevski's mound (also Mound Battery, Raevski's Battery, la grande redoute (great redoubt in Briggs), la fatale redoute (fatal redoubt in Briggs.), and la redoute du centre (center redoubt in Briggs.)
Mentioned: Gorki, Borodino, French, Kamenka

Pevear and Volokhonsky Notes:
Pierre loses the general and ends up riding in the middle of a battalion, which angers the soldiers around him. The actions of both him and the soldiers are invisible or for unknown reasons. "soldiers were doing something in the smoke" is a phrase that encapsulates a lot of it. Pierre then gets oriented and rides with someone to go see the left flank where Bagration is and where things are getting really bad. Pierre's horse gets wounded and with the help of Raevsky's adjutant, who would lose his arm that day, walks up to the battery that the French considered the most important point of the position.

Pierre has no idea how important it is and is happy the entire time.

"In contrast to the dread that was felt among the covering infantrymen, here at the battery, where a small number of people, busy with their work, were restricted, separated from the others by a trench--here one could feel a sort of family animation, the same and common to them all."

Tolstoy spends quite a bit of time talking about how the soldiers around Pierre receive him, accept him like an animal, and make fun of him. In a call back to the earlier war portions of the novel, despite the artillery guns being under heavy fire, the soldiers are merry and almost do not notice it, referring to the cannonballs as women. The men are cartoonish and speak in almost nonsense, just like the peasants, who are deliberately referenced. Things begin to get worse as the guns are disappearing more and more and the infantry begin to lie down to avoid being shot. Pierre watches someone die and "Everything became strange, vague, and bleak in Pierre's eyes."

Pierre volunteers to get more charges and nearly gets hit with a cannonball, which causes him to fall.

Characters (characters who do not appear, but are mentioned are placed in italics. First appearances are in Bold. First mentions are underlined. Final appearance denoted by *):

Pierre (and his horse. Also called "count", "barin", and "Our Gentleman".)

General Rayevsky (his adjutant plays a large role in the chapter.)

Bagration

(also the general Pierre follows. There are a lot of soldiers that have their own differentiations: The one who pokes Pierre's horse, a wounded one with his shako off, the senior artillery officer (a tall, long-legged, pock-marked man), a round-faced little officer (still a mere lad, who had evidently just come out of the "Korpus"), a broad solider with a rubicund face (who displays his white teeth), an old sergeant, a general with his suite, a colonel, a pale-faced young officer holding his sword-point down, a theoretical butler and master used as an analogy, an orderly initially sent to get the caissons that Pierre goes after, then two horses at the of the chapter, one that is running off, with the other screaming in agony.)

Abridged Versions: No break in Bell.

Gibian: Chapter 31.

Fuller: Chapter is preserved and followed by a line break.

Komroff: A lot of the description of Pierre's early feelings and initial interactions with the soldiers is removed, as well as the majority of his time with Raevsky's adjutant. A lot of conversation the artillerymen have where they ape peasants is removed. Chapter is followed by a line break.

Kropotkin: Entire chapter is cut.

Bromfield: Chapter 12: Pierre rides at six in the morning while thinking about his conversation with Andrei and watches the puffs of smoke. He looks for General Bennigsen while soldiers are angry he is walking among them. He sees Bagration riding out of the smoke and begins to get shot at and "he was trembling all over and his teeth were chattering." He sees an Uhlan whose arm has been ripped off and is begging for vodka. Pierre tries to help and look for the dressing station and runs into Prince Andrei who tries to get him to run away.

Simmons: Chapter 31: a lot of the humorous moments in the chapter are cut, making it a more straightforward war scene. The discussion about Raevski's mound is cut.

Additional Notes:

At Raevsky's redoubt today stands the Principal Monument to Russian Forces.

Briggs: To take a specific example: Pierre, watching a cannonball crashes down into the Rayevsky redoubt and takes a man's leg off, hears another soldier call out in response: 'Ekh! Neskladnaya!' (III, II, 31). The English versions of this are: 'Ekh! You beastly thing!' (Dole); 'O, awkward one!' (Weiner); 'Hey, awkward hussy!' (Garnett); 'Awkward baggage!' (Maude); 'Oh you hussy!' (Edmonds); 'Ah, you're a bungler!' (Dunnigan). Curiously enough the best in terms of natural speech is Clara Bell's: 'Ah, you brute!' The original, with connotations of both awkwardness and feminity, is rather difficult to translate, but one thing is certain: no soldier in the heat of battle ever said anything like most of the phrases we have been offered so far." 

"The previous translations of War and Peace have erred slightly too much on the puritan side, literal fidelity being set at a higher premium than writing naturally in English. It is now time to move somewhat in the other direction."

Segur/Townsend: Page 75: "Caulaincourt replied, "You'll see me up there very soon--dead or alive!" With that he dashed off and mowed down everything that stood in his way. Then, having led his cuirassiers around to the left, he was the first to enter this gory redoubt, but a bullet struck and killed him. His conquest became his grave!"

Book 3 Part 2 Chapter 30 (Chapter 217 overall)

Chapter Summaries: Dole: Pierre views the battle-field from the hill. Magnificence of the panorama. The firing.
Briggs: Pierre watches the battlefield from a mound at Gorki.
Maude: Pierre views the battlefield from the knoll at Gorki
Pevear and Volokhonsky: Pierre observes the battle from Gorki. He rides to the bridge over the Kolocha.

Translation:

XXX.

Returning from Prince Andrey at Gorky, Pierre, ordering the owner to prepare horses and in the early morning to wake him up, immediately already fell asleep behind the partition, in the corner which Boris yielded to him.

When Pierre really woke up on the next morning, in the hut now was nobody. Glasses rattled in the small windows. The horse trainer stood, pushing him.

— Your excellency, your excellency, your excellency... — stubbornly, not looking at Pierre and apparently having lost hopes in waking him up, rocking him behind the shoulder, sentenced the horse trainer.

— What? Started? Time? — began talking Pierre, waking up.

— Please hear the firing, — said the horse trainer, a retired soldier; — now all the gentlemen have raised, the lordly himself a long time ago drove through.

Pierre hastily dressed and ran out to the porch. On the courtyard it was clear, fresh, dewy and funny. The sun, only now breaking free from behind the clouds, overshadowing it, splashed before the half broken cloud rays across the roofs of the opposite streets, to the covered in dew dust roads, on the walls of the houses, on the windows, the fence and on the horses of Pierre, standing at the huts. The rumble of the guns was clearly heard in the courtyard. By the street broke through an adjutant with a Cossack.

— Time, count, time! — screamed the adjutant.

Ordering to lead behind by himself a horse, Pierre went by the street to the mound, from which he yesterday watched on the field of the battle. On this mound was a crowd of the military and was heard the French dialect of the staff, and could be seen the gray hair of the head of Kutuzov, with his white with red band cap and gray back of his head, going down on his shoulders. Kutuzov watched in a pipe forward by the big road.

Entering by the steps of the entry on the mound, Pierre looked ahead of himself and froze from admiration before the beauty of the spectacle. This was that same panorama, which he admired yesterday from this mound; but now all this terrain was covered in troops and the smoke of shots, and the oblique rays of the bright sun, rising back to the left of Pierre, throwing on him in the clean morning the air raw with a gold and pink tint of light and dark, long shadows. The distant forest, finishing the panorama, exactly whipped from that precious yellow-green stone, were seen its curved line of peaks in the horizon, and between them behind Valuev erupted the big Smolensk road, all covered in troops. Nearer shone a gold field and copses. Everywhere, in the front, right and left, were seen troops. All this was lively, majestical and sudden; but that, what only more struck Pierre — was the view of the field of the battle itself, Borodino and the hollows above Koloch by both sides of it.

Above the Koloch, at Borodino and by both sides of it, especially to the left, there, where, at the swampy banks, the Voyna flows at the Koloch, stood fog, which melting, ran and shined through at the output of the bright sun, and the enchanting colors and outlines were all visible through it. To this fog joined smoke shots, and by this fog and smoke everywhere shone the lightning of the morning light, then by the water, then by the dew, then by the bayonets of the troops, crowded by the shores and at Borodino. Through this fog could be seen a white church, somewhere in the roofs of the huts of Borodino, somewhere the solid masses of soldiers, somewhere green boxes and guns. And all this moved or seemed to be moving because of how the fog and smoke dragged on by all this space. As in this lower terrain about Borodino, covered in fog, so and beyond it, above and especially to the left throughout the lines, by the forests, by the fields, lower, at the peaks of elevation, were born incessantly by themselves from nothing, cannon, that lonely, that herd, that rare, that frequent clubs of smoke, that, swollen, growing, swirling, merging, were seen by all this space.

These smoke shots, and, weird to say, their sounds produced the main beauty of the spectacle.

"Puff!" — suddenly was seen the round, dense, play of purple, gray and milky-white colors — the smoke, and "boom!" — was heard through a second sound of this smoke.

"Puff-puff," rose two smokes, pushing and merging; and "boom-boom" confirmed the sounds that what saw the eye.

Pierre looked around at the first smoke, which left a round, tight ball, and now at his location were balls of smoke, stretching on the side and a puff... (with a stop) a puff-puff — were born still three, still four, and at everyone of those same constellations of boom... boom-boom-boom — answered the beautiful, solid, faithful sounds. It seemed that, how this smoke ran, that what they were standing, and past them ran the forest, field and brilliant bayonets. From the left parties by the fields and bushes incessantly were born this large smoke with their own solemn echoes, and, nearer still by the bottom and the forests flashed a small, not succeeding to round off the haze of the guns, and exactly so the same gave their small echoes. Trah-ta-ta-tah, — cracked the guns and although often, but not rightly and poorly in comparison with the gunshots.

Pierre wanted to be there, where was this smoke, these brilliant bayonets, this movement, these sounds. He turned back at Kutuzov and at his retinue, so that check their impression with others. All exactly so the same as he, and, as to him it seemed, with that same feeling looked forward at the field of battle. In all faces glowed now that hidden heat (chaleur latente) feeling, which Pierre noticed yesterday and which he got completely after his conversation with Prince Andrey.

— Ride, darling, ride, Christ with you, — spoke Kutuzov, not lowering his eye from the field of battle, to the general, standing beside him.

Listening to the order, this general passed by Pierre, outright from mound.

— To the crossing! — coldly and strictly said the general in answer to the question of one of the staff, where he rode.

"And I, and I," thought Pierre and went by the direction behind the general.

The general sat down on a horse, which was given to him by a Cossack. Pierre came up to his owner, holding the horses. Asking, which was more humble, Pierre climbed on a horse, grabbed behind the mane, pressed his inverted heels feet to the belly of the horse, and feeling that his glasses declined and that he it was not in his forces to take away his hands from the mane and reins, galloped behind the general, exciting a smile in the staff, from the mound watching him.

Time: the next morning
Mentioned: the day before

Locations: Gorki
Mentioned: Valuevo, Smolensk, Borodino, Kolocha, Voyna, the ford (crossing in Maude. Pevear and Volokhonsky, and Briggs)

Pevear and Volokhonsky Notes: We now flip to Pierre's groom who has to wake Pierre up when the battle begins. The chapter spends a lot of time in description. "It was lively, majestic, and unexpected; but what struck Pierre most of all was the sight of the battlefield itself, Borodino and the hollows above the Kolocha on both sides of it."
The battlefield is covered by a moving mist and is then followed by the smoke of the cannons and guns. Pierre sees the "hidden warmth" in the suite of Kutuzov that he noticed in Andrei. Pierre decides to follow a general to the crossing and the chapter bookends humor as the officers are laughing at Pierre trying to ride his horse while his glasses are falling off.

Characters (characters who do not appear, but are mentioned are placed in italics. First appearances are in Bold. First mentions are underlined. Final appearance denoted by *):

Prince Andrei

Pierre (also his horses and his "equerry" or groom that had once been a soldier. Also called "illustriousness" and "count".)

Boris

Kutuzof (also "serene highness".)

(also an adjutant and his Cossack. Many military men and Kutuzov's suite also appear as undifferentiated characters. Specifically, a general that Pierre follows that also has a Cossack.)

Abridged Versions: Start of Chapter 4 in Bell with no break.

Gibian: Chapter 30.

Fuller: The section with the puffs of smoke is either severely shortened or removed but chapter is basically preserved and followed by a line break.

Komroff: The intro of the chapter is removed almost entirely, getting to the groom waking Pierre up much quicker. The initial long description of the battlefield is shortened significantly as is the puffs of smoke. The way Kutuzov and his suite's feeling toward the battle is worded in a way that does not mention Prince Andrei but matches Pierre's own feelings. The humor at the end of the chapter is also removed. Followed by a line break.

Kropotkin: Entire chapter is cut.

Bromfield: No real corresponding chapter.

Simmons: Chapter 30: A lot of the description of the battlefield that makes up the meat of the chapter is removed, as is the humor at the end of the chapter.

Additional Notes:

Walter/Carruthers: Chapter 1: "the huge cannonballs flew by above us (?), thundering so violently that we would have believed the earth would burst to pieces...all sorts of shells and rockets broke out of the fortress like a cloudburst."

Denisov/Troubetzskoy: Page 37: "As the armies moved forward, a heavy snowstorm struck, making it impossible to see anything more than a few steps away...I have to say in truth that over the course of the sixteen campaigns in my service record and throughout the period of all the Napoleonic campaigns, I have never seen anything to compare with it! For about half an hour you could not hear a cannon or a musket shot, only the indescribable roar of thousands of brave soldiers as they cut one another to pieces in hand-to-hand combat. Mounds of dead bodies were covered by new mounds; soldiers were tumbling in their hundreds on top of each other, so that this corner of the battlefield resembled a high parapet of some hastily erected barricade."

Speirs: Page 44: “Tolstoy intimates that henceforth each character in the novel is to be seen from two points of view - “his individual life” and “his elemental swarm-life.” The further away one stands from individuals, the more clearly one sees how helpless they are in the arrangement of their affairs...Tolstoy...is concerned with the question of responsibility - the problems of guilt and retribution.” 

Book 3 Part 2 Chapter 29 (Chapter 216 overall)

Chapter Summaries: Dole: Napoleon before the battle. "The chessmen are set." His coolness. "Fortune is a fickle jade." Definition of "our bodies." "The art of war." The signal guns.
Briggs: Napoleon talks to De Beausset and Rapp. The game begins.
Maude: Napoleon's talk to de Beausset and Rapp. The game begins
Pevear and Volokhonsky: Napoleon drinks punch and talks with Rapp. He has a cold. At 5:30 a.m. the battle begins.

Translation:

XXIX.

Returning after a second preoccupied trip by the lines, Napoleon said:

— The chess is delivered, the game begins tomorrow.

Ordering to give himself punch and calling on Bosse, he started with him a conversation about Paris, about some change that he found was done at the courtier of the state empress,697 amazing the prefect with his memory to all the petty details of the courtiers relationship.

He was interested in trifles, joked about the love to travel of Bosse and carelessly chatted so, as this is made famous, assured and knowing his business as an operator, in that time as he rolls up his sleeves and puts on an apron, but the sick is tied to the bunk. —"The business is all in my hands and in my head, it is clear and definite. Now I will need to begin the business, I will do it as nothing different, but now I can joke, and the more I am kidding and calm, by that the more you must be sure, calm and surprised by my genius."

Graduating to his second glass of punch, Napoleon went to relax before the severe business, which, as to him it seemed, was to him tomorrow.

He was so interested by this lying ahead of him business that he could not sleep and, despite the intensified from evening dampness of his runny nose, at three at night, loudly blowing his nose, got out to the great parting of the tent. He asked about whether the Russians were not gone. To him it was answered that the enemy lights were all in those same places. He approvingly nodded his head.

The on duty adjutant entered in the tent.

— Well, Rapp, how do you think: whether our case will now be good?698 — he turned to him.

— Without any doubt, Sire.699 — was the response of Rapp.

Napoleon looked at him.

— Whether you remember, Sire, those words, which you deigned to say to me at Smolensk, — said Rapp, —the wine is uncorked, it is needed to drink it.700

Napoleon frowned and long silently sat with his lowered head in his hand.

— The poor army! — he said suddenly, — It is very much decreased from Smolensk. Fortune is a real whore, Rapp. I have always said this and have begun to test it. But the guard, Rapp, the guard is intact?701 — he interrogatively said.

— Yes, Sire,702 — was the response of Rapp.

Napoleon took a lozenge, placed it in his mouth and looked at his watch. He did not want to sleep, to morning was still long away; but so to kill time, orders could not be now done, because of how all were made and happened now at the entrusted.

— Whether the crackers and rice were delivered to the guards?703 — strictly asked Napoleon.

— Yes, Sire.704

— But the rice?705

Rapp responded that he delivered the orders of the sovereign about the rice, but Napoleon displeasingly shook his head, as if he did not believe that his order was executed. A servant entered with punch. Napoleon told to give another glass to Rapp and silently took a sip from it.

— I have no taste or smell, — he said, sniffing the glass. — This runny nose has bothered me. They interpret about medicine. How is medicine, when they may not cure a runny nose? Corvisar gave me these lozenges, but they aid nothing. What may they mend? To mend cannot be. In our body there is a machine for life. It is for this arranged. Leave in it life alone, let it defend itself, it will do more alone than when you interfere with it with medicines. Our body is like a watch, which must go to a famous time; the watchmaker may not open it and only groping and with tied up eyes may manage it. In our body there is a machine for life.706 And as if to march in the way of definitions, définitions, which so loved Napoleon, he suddenly made a new definition. — Whether you know, Rapp, what such is military art? — he asks. — The art is to be stronger than the enemy in the known moment. — That is all.707

Rapp did not reply.

— Tomorrow we will have business with Kutuzov.708 — said Napoleon. — We'll see! Remember, at Braunau he commanded the army and not once in three weeks sat down on a horse so to explore a strengthening. We'll see!

He looked at the watch. It was still only 4. Sleep was not wanted, the punch was finished, and there was all the same nothing to do. He got up, walked back and forward, allotted a warm frock coat and hat, and got out of the tent. The night was dark and raw; a little bit audible dampness fell from above. The fires not brightly burned nearby, in the French guard, and long away through the smoke shone by the Russian lines. Everywhere was quiet, and clearly was heard a rustle and the clattering started now with the movements of the French troops for the lessons of the positions.

Napoleon walked before the tent, looked at the lights, listened to the stomping, and passing by the high guardsman, in a furry hat, standing sentry at his tent, and as a black pillar stretched out at the appearance of the emperor, stopped against it.

— From which year in the service? — he asked from that habitual affectation of rough and affectionate militancy, with which he always approached with the soldiers. The soldier responded to him.

— Ah! Of the old people!709 Received rice in the regiment?

— Received, your majesty.

Napoleon nodded his head and walked away from him.

—————

At half to six, Napoleon on horseback rode to the village Shevardin.

It began to get light, the sky cleared, only an alone cloud lied to the east. Abandoned fires burned out in the weak light of the morning.

To the right rang out a thick lone cannon shot, flashed and frozen among the general silence. Passed a few minutes. Rang out a second, a third shot, the air hesitated; a fourth, a fifth was heard close and solemnly somewhere to the right.

Still had not echoed the first shots, as were heard still another, more and more, merging and interrupting one another.

Napoleon drove with the retinue to the Shevardin redoubt and tore from his horse. The game began.

697 maison de l’impératrice, (house of the empress,)

698 Eh bien, Rapp, croyez-vous, que nous ferons de bonnes affaires aujourd’hui? (Well, Rapp, do you believe that we will be doing good business today?)

699 Sans aucun doute, Sire, (Without a doubt, Sir,)

700 Vous rappelez-vous. Sire, ce que vous m'avez fait l'honneur de dire à Smolensk, le vin est tiré, il faut le boire (You remember. Sir, that you did me the honor to say in Smolensk, the wine is drawn, it must be drunk)

701 Cette pauvre armée, elle a bien diminué depuis Smolensk. La fortune est une franche courtisane, Rapp; je le disais toujours, et je commence à l’éprouver. Mais la garde, Rapp, la garde est intacte? (This poor army, it has greatly diminished since Smolensk. Fortune is a frank courtesan, Rapp; I always said it, and I'm starting to feel it. But the guard, Rapp, is the guard intact?)

702 Oui, Sire, (Yes, Sir,)

703 A-t-on distribué les biscuits et le riz aux régiments de la garde? (Were the biscuits and rice distributed to the guard regiments?)

704 Oui, Sire. (Yes, Sir,)

705 Mais le riz? (But the rice?)

706 Notre corps est une machine à vivre. Il est organisé pour cela, c'est de nature; laissez-y la vie à son aise, qu’elle s’y défende elle même: elle fera plus que si vous la paralysiez-en l’encombrant de remèdes. Notre corps est comme une montre parfaite qui doit aller un certain temps; l’horloger n’a pas la faculté de l’ouvrir, il ne peut la manier qu’à tâtons et les yeux bandés. Notre corps est une machine à vivre, voilà tout. (Our body is a machine for living. It is organized for that, it is by nature; let it live at its ease, let it defend itself: it will do more than if you paralyze it by encumbering it with remedies. Our bodies are like a perfect watch that has to go for a certain time; the watchmaker does not have the faculties to open it, he can only handle it gropingly and blindfolded. Our body is a machine for living, that is all.)

707 Voilà tout. (That is all.)

708 Demain nous allons avoir affaire à Koutouzoff! (Tomorrow we will have to deal with Koutouzoff!)

709 Ah! un des vieux! (Ah! one of the old!)

Time: four o'clock, half-past five, a few minutes
Mentioned: to-morrow, three weeks

Locations: Shevardino
Mentioned: Paris, Russian, Smolensk, Braunau, French

Pevear and Volokhonsky Notes:
Napoleon is in a rather light-hearted mood after checking the line again and Tolstoy compares him to a self-assured surgeon. However, this is only around his courtiers as when he goes to bed, he stays up and is worried.
The wine is drawn, it must be drunk was a phrase Tolstoy used for the attitude of Napoleon's soldiers in the previous chapter. In this chapter, it is used by Rapp to Napoleon.
Napoleon gives an anti-doctor speech ("Our body is a machine for living, that's all.") and gives "definitions" similar to Bilibin's mots and critiques the way Kutuzof never gets on a horse to inspect fortifications. Repeated emphasis on Napoleon trying to find something to do to pass the night.

Line break after episode with the soldier Napoleon speaks to and before "At half past five Napoleon was...". The cannons start firing and "The game had begun", working as a bookends to the chapter.

Characters (characters who do not appear, but are mentioned are placed in italics. First appearances are in Bold. First mentions are underlined. Final appearance denoted by *):

Napoleon (also "emperor".)

Beausset

Empress (Napoleon talks about his wife's household.)

Rapp 

Corvisart 

Kutuzof (or "Koutouzoff" in the French.)

(also an "aide-de-camp on duty", if this isn't Rapp, and a servant who brings the punch. Also of course the Russian and French armies. Also the tall grenadier in a dampened hat that Napoleon asks whether he has gotten the rice.)

Abridged Versions: Line break after "Napoleon nodded and left him" in Dole. Line break in the same spot in Dunnigan, Mandelker, Briggs, Edmonds, Wiener, and Maude.

End of Chapter 3 in Bell.

Gibian: Chapter 29: line break after "nodded and walked away."

Fuller: The jovial punch-drinking section of the chapter where Napoleon speaks to Beausset is removed, cutting from the introduction to Napoleon not being able to sleep. Rest of chapter is kept and followed by a line break.

Komroff: Other than some details and Napoleon's speech about the human body being made for living, the chapter is preserved.

Kropotkin: Entire chapter is cut.

Bromfield: No apparent corresponding chapter.

Simmons: Chapter 29: entire chapter is cut and replaced with: "Napoleon passes a sleepless night before the battle of Borodino. He talks with Beausset and his adjutant Rapp."

Additional Notes: Garnett: "Baron Jean-Nicolas Corvisart des Marets (1755-1821) was Napoleon's physician."

Roberts: Page 534: “Friedrich Staps, the eighteen-year-old son of a Lutheran pastor from Erfurt, attempted to assassinate him while pretending to hand him a petition. He would have succeeded had Rapp not seized him a few paces away, whereupon Rapp, berthier and two gendarmes found a large carving knife on him...with the Alsatian-born Rapp interpreting. The Emperor hoped that the young student was insane and thus might be pardoned, but Corvisart pronounced him healthy and rational, albeit a political fanatic. When asked by Napoleon what he would do if he were freed, he replied, ‘I would try to kill you again.’ He was shot at 7 a.m. on the 17th, crying ‘Long live Germany!’ to the firing (Page 535) squad, and ‘Death to the tyrant!’”

Segur/Townsend: Page 37: "But when, out of the soldiers' sight, he had been sobered by the attitude of Ney and Murat and had listened to the words of Poniatowski who was as frank and wise in counsel as he was brave in battle; when he learned that scouts had advanced twenty miles without overtaking the enemy, when the suffocating heat began to press down on him--then his disillusionment began...Smolensk had become one vast hospital."

“Tolstoy and the Forms of Life” by Martin Price

Page 236: “Kutuzov has his own game, if that is the word of it; he is like the patient defendant who keeps prudently deferring a trial until the plaintiff litigates himself into insolvency...Kutuzov is a man who exhibits little distinction of manner, he is corpulent and untidy, in some ways resembling both Pierre and Karataev..