Briggs: Napoleon surveys Moscow, awaiting a deputation of boyars.
Maude: Napoleon surveys Moscow fro the Poklonny hill he awaits a deputation of 'les boyars'
Pevear and Volokhonsky: The Russian troops leave Moscow. Napoleon on Poklonnaya Hill. Le ridicule.
Translation:
XIX.
On the 1st of September at night was given the order of Kutuzov about the retreat of the Russian troops through Moscow on the Ryazan road.
The first troops moved at night. The troops, marching at night, not in a hurry and moving slowly and powerfully; but at dawn the moving troops, coming up to the Dorogomilovsky bridge, saw ahead of themselves on the other side crowding, hurrying by the bridge and on that side rising and damming streets and lanes, and behind themselves pressing, endless masses of troops. And an unreasonable haste and anxiety controlled the troops. All threw forward to the bridge, on the bridge, at the ford and at the boats. Kutuzov told to get around the back street itself on that side of Moscow.
To the 10th hour of the morning on the 2nd of September at the Dorogomilovsky suburb stayed in the open space only the troops of the rearguard. The army was already on that side of Moscow and behind Moscow.
At this same time, at 10 in the morning of the 2nd of September, Napoleon stood between his own troops on the Poklon mountain and watched the opened before him sight. Beginning from the 26th of August and by the 2nd of September, from the Borodino battle and before the entry of the enemy in Moscow, in all this day worried, this memorable week stood that extraordinary, always amazing people, autumn weather, when the low sun heats hotter than spring, when all glitters in the rare, clean air so that the eye cuts, when the chest gets stronger and freshens, inhaling the autumn, odorous air, when even the nights there are warm, and when in the dark, warm nights this, from the sky, incessantly scaring and gladdening, are pouring in gold stars.
On the 2nd of September at 10 in the morning was such weather. The shine of the morning was magic. Moscow from the Poklon mountain spread out spaciously with its river, its own gardens and churches, and, it seemed, lived its life, trembling as the stars of its own domes in the rays of the sun.
In seeing the strange city with its unprecedented forms of extraordinary architecture, Napoleon felt that some envious and anxious curiosity which tests people in seeing the form of not knowing about them, alien life. Obviously, this city lived by the all forces of its life. By that indefinable feature, by which in the distant distance accurately recognized a living body from the dead, Napoleon from the Poklon mountains saw a flutter of life in the city and felt as would breaths of these very beautiful bodies.
— This Asiatic city with countless churches, Moscow, the saint of them Moscow! That at last, this famous city! It is time,770 — said Napoleon and, getting down from his horse, told to lay out before himself the plan of this Moscou (Moscow), and called upon translator Lelorme d’Ideville. A city occupied by an enemy is similar to a girl with lost innocence,771 he thought (as he spoke this to Tuchkov at Smolensk). And from this point of view he watched the lying before him, unprecedented still to him, eastern beauty. To him it was very weird that finally happened his long-standing, seeming to him impossible, wish. In the clear, morning light he watched that city, that plan, checking the details of this city, and the confidence of possession worried and terrified him.
"Yet could it be otherwise?" he thought. "Here is this capital; it lies at my feet, expecting its fate. Where now is Aleksandr, and what does he think? A strange, nice, majestic city! And strange and majestic is this minute! In which light I present them!" he thought about his troops. "Here it is rewarded for all those disbelieving," he thought, looking back at the approximate and fit and under construction troops. "One of my words, one move of my hand, and killed this ancient capital of the tsar.772 But my mercy always is ready to descend to the vanquished.773 I should be magnanimous and truly great... but no, this is not true that I am in Moscow," suddenly came to his head. "However, here it lies at my feet, playing and trembling gold domes and crosses in the rays of the sun. Yet I will spare it. In the ancient monuments to barbarism and despotism I will write great words of justice and mercy... Aleksandr only more painfully will understand it was this, I know him. (To Napoleon it seemed that the main matters of what was committed, concluded in the personal struggle of him with Aleksandr.) From the height of the Kremlin, — yes, this Kremlin, yes — I will give them laws of justice, I will show them the matters of true civilizations, I will force the generations of boyars with love to commemorate the name of their conqueror. I will say to the deputations that I did not want and do not want war; that I led war only with the false politics of their court, that I love and respect Aleksandr, and that I will accept conditions of peace in Moscow, worthy of me and my peoples. I do not want to benefit from the happiness of war for the humiliation of a respected sovereign. The boyars — I will say to them: I do not want war, but I want the peace and welfare of all my subjects. However, I know that their presence will inspire me, and I will say to them as I always speak: it is clear, solemn and great. Yet is it really that this is really that I am in Moscow? Yes, here it is!"
— Bring the boyars,774 — he turned to the suite. A general from the brilliant suite immediately again galloped for the boyars.
Passed two hours. Napoleon breakfasted and again stood in that same location on Poklon mountain, expecting deputations. His speech to the boyars now clearly formed in his imagination. This speech was executed in the virtues and greatness, which understood Napoleon.
That tone of generosity, in which was found in the act of Moscow Napoleon, carried him away. He in his imagination appointed the day of the gathered in the palace tsar,775 where were to converge Russian nobles with the nobles of the French emperor. He appointed mentally a governor, such which would manage to attract to himself the population. Upon learning about how in Moscow were many charitable institutions, he in his imagination decided that all these institutions will shower him in graces. He thought that as in Africa it was needed to sit in a cloak in a mosque, so in Moscow it was needed to be gracious, as a king. And, so to finally touch the hearts of the Russians, he as every Frenchman, not able himself to imagine anything sensitive without the memories about my nice, tender, poor mother,776 he decided that in all these institutions he ordered to write in large letters: An institution, devoted to my nice mother. No, simply: the house of my mother,777 he decided with himself. "But is it really I am in Moscow? Yes, here it is before me, but how again for so long there is not a deputation of the city?" he thought.
Between that on the backside of the suites of the emperor was happening a whispering agitated meeting between his generals and marshals. The sent for deputation returned with news that Moscow was empty, that all left and was gone from it. The faces of the meeting were pale and thrilled. Not that Moscow was abandoned by the inhabitants (as important as seemed this event) frightened them, but they were frightened by how to declare about this to the emperor, how not to place his majesty in that scary, called by the French ridiculous,778 position, declaring to him that he in vain was waiting for the boyars so long, that there is a drunken crowd, but nobody more. Only saying what was needed, in what would be or become, gathered though some deputation, others disputed this opinion and claimed that it was needed to carefully and cleverly prepare the emperor, and to declare to him the truth.
— Though we need to say to him... 779 — said a gentleman of the suite. — But, gentleman....780 — the position was by that harder in how the Emperor, pondering his plans of generosity, patiently going back and forward before the plan, looking occasionally from below his hand by the road to Moscow and funnily and proudly smiling.
— But awkward...Impossible!781 — shrugging his shoulders said a gentleman of the suite, not daring to pronounce the implying scary word: le ridicule (ridiculous)...
Between that the Emperor, tired from the futile expectations and his acting instinct of feeling that the majestic minute, continuing too long, began to lose its majesty, gave a hand sign. Rang out a lone shot of the signal guns, and the troops, from different parties overlaying Moscow, moved to Moscow at the Tverskaya, Kaluga and Dorogomilovsky outposts. Faster and faster, driving one to another, runaway steps and trotting, moved the troops, hiding in the raised by them clouds of dust and announcing the air with merging ghoulish screams.
Carried away by the movement of the troops, Napoleon rode as far with the troops to the Dorogomilovsky outposts, but there again stopped and, getting down from his horse, for long went in the office of the collegiate shaft, expecting deputations.
770 Cette ville asiatique aux innombrables églises, Moscou la sainte. La voilà donc enfin, cette fameuse ville! Il était temps, (This Asian city with innumerable churches, the holy Moscow. So here it is, finally, this famous city! It was time,)
771 "Une ville occupée par I’ennemi ressemble à une fille qui a perdu son honneur", ("A city occupied by the enemy resembles a girl who has lost her honor",)
772 des Czars (of the Czars)
773 Mais ma clémence est toujours prompte à descendre sur les vaincus. (But my clemency is always prompt to descend on the vanquished.)
774 Qu’on m’amène les boyards, (Bring me the boyars,)
775 réunion dans le palais des Czars, (reunion in the palace of the Czars,)
776 mа chère, mа tendre, mа pauvre mère, (my dear, my tender, my poor mother,)
777 Etablissement dédié à ma chère Mère. Maison de ma Mère, (Establishment dedicated to my dear Mother. House of my Mother,)
778 ridicule (ridicule)
779 Il faudra le lui dire tout de même... (We'll have to tell him all the same...)
780 Mais messieurs.. (But gentlemen...)
781 Mais c’est impossible... (But it’s impossible...)
Time: the night of September 1st, ten o'clock of the morning of September 2nd, two hours
Mentioned: August 26th to September 2d, autumn, spring
Locations: Ryazan road, Dorogomilov Bridge (also ...suburb and ...barrier), Poklonnaya Hill, Tver (barrier), Kaluga (barrier), Kammer-kolleg rampart (Kammer-Kollezski... in Maude. Kamerkollezhsky... in Pevear and Volokhonsky and Dunnigan. Kamer-Kollezhsky... in Briggs. Kammer-Kollezhsky... in Mandelker. Kamerkolezhsky wall in Garnett. Kammerkolezhsky in Dole. cut in Bell.)
Mentioned: Moscow (also Moscou in the French), Moskva, Borodino, Russian, Smolensk, Eastern, Kremlin, French, Africa
Pevear and Volokhonsky Notes: The army retreats beyond Moscow and crowds again at a bridge and after this update, we flip to Napoleon with the ominous news that the autumn has been warm like the spring. There is a lot of emphasis and description of the air and the morning of September 2nd. There is also an emphasis on the mystical status of Moscow: "Every Russian, looking at Moscow, feels that she is a mother; every foreigner, looking at her and not knowing her maternal significance, must feel the feminine character of this city, and Napoleon felt it."
Napoleon pulls out a map and sees the conquering of Moscow like the conquering of a virgin woman. He gets a long inner monologue where he wonders what others think of him and then emphasizes his conquering, as well as his clemency.
Important parenthetical: "It seemed to Napoleon that the main significance of what was happening lay in his personal struggle with Alexander."
Napoleon of course makes the mistake of calling for the nonexistent boyars. The "can it be that I'm in Moscow" clearly should remind of us of the way other characters have questioned what seems to be right in front of them, such as Andrei and death or Natasha in several situations, most notably with her "love" for Anatole.
The soldiers around Napoleon are unsure how to announce to Napoleon that Moscow has been abandoned. There is also an emphasis on not putting Napoleon in a situation where he would be ridiculed, because that is the worst thing, something said about Andrei early in the novel.
Characters (characters who do not appear, but are mentioned are placed in italics. First appearances are in Bold. First mentions are underlined. Final appearance denoted by *):
(also of course Russian troops, French troops, every Russian, every foreigner, the fictional boyars, a general with a brilliant staff, a governor Napoleon pictures, every Frenchman, the generals and marshals around Napoleon, and a throng of drunken men in the city.)
Abridged Versions: Start of Chapter 16 in Bell. Line break rather than a chapter break.
Gibian: Chapter 10.
Fuller: The entire paragraph is preserved saved for the detail about Napoleon sitting in a mosque and the inscriptions he imagines posting in Russia.
Komroff: The opening paragraph of the next chapter about Moscow being deserted is put as the second paragraph here. A lot of the description of the autumn and the city itself is removed. Chapter otherwise appears preserved and followed by a line break.
Kropotkin: Entire chapter is cut.
Simmons: Chapter 10: chapter basically preserved.
Bromfield: Chapter 15: The episode is significantly shorter, with Napoleon comparing himself to Alexander the Great, and giving a very abridged version of his thoughts in inner monologue. Also, the language of the young woman is much more firm, using the word "rape". The whole episode with the Russian troops at the beginning, as well as the generals and marshals at the end are not here.
Bienstock and Martel: Act 5 Scene 10: Napoleon looks upon Moscow and gives a speech about how it is like a woman and his slave. Count Beausset appears and Napoleon tells him he is happy to have him at such a proud moment. The King of Rome painting by Gerard episode is here. Napoleon then waits for the Boyars and gives a long speech about how he will be greeted. The general s then arguing over who has to tell him and the play ends with them seeing the first fires and Napoleon calling them "vultures!"
Additional Notes:
Mentioned: August 26th to September 2d, autumn, spring
Locations: Ryazan road, Dorogomilov Bridge (also ...suburb and ...barrier), Poklonnaya Hill, Tver (barrier), Kaluga (barrier), Kammer-kolleg rampart (Kammer-Kollezski... in Maude. Kamerkollezhsky... in Pevear and Volokhonsky and Dunnigan. Kamer-Kollezhsky... in Briggs. Kammer-Kollezhsky... in Mandelker. Kamerkolezhsky wall in Garnett. Kammerkolezhsky in Dole. cut in Bell.)
Mentioned: Moscow (also Moscou in the French), Moskva, Borodino, Russian, Smolensk, Eastern, Kremlin, French, Africa
Pevear and Volokhonsky Notes: The army retreats beyond Moscow and crowds again at a bridge and after this update, we flip to Napoleon with the ominous news that the autumn has been warm like the spring. There is a lot of emphasis and description of the air and the morning of September 2nd. There is also an emphasis on the mystical status of Moscow: "Every Russian, looking at Moscow, feels that she is a mother; every foreigner, looking at her and not knowing her maternal significance, must feel the feminine character of this city, and Napoleon felt it."
Napoleon pulls out a map and sees the conquering of Moscow like the conquering of a virgin woman. He gets a long inner monologue where he wonders what others think of him and then emphasizes his conquering, as well as his clemency.
Important parenthetical: "It seemed to Napoleon that the main significance of what was happening lay in his personal struggle with Alexander."
Napoleon of course makes the mistake of calling for the nonexistent boyars. The "can it be that I'm in Moscow" clearly should remind of us of the way other characters have questioned what seems to be right in front of them, such as Andrei and death or Natasha in several situations, most notably with her "love" for Anatole.
The soldiers around Napoleon are unsure how to announce to Napoleon that Moscow has been abandoned. There is also an emphasis on not putting Napoleon in a situation where he would be ridiculed, because that is the worst thing, something said about Andrei early in the novel.
Characters (characters who do not appear, but are mentioned are placed in italics. First appearances are in Bold. First mentions are underlined. Final appearance denoted by *):
Kutuzof (perhaps arguable that he should be considered inside the chapter.)
Napoleon (also "French emperor".)
Lelorme d'Ideville
Tutchkof
Alexander
Abridged Versions: Start of Chapter 16 in Bell. Line break rather than a chapter break.
Gibian: Chapter 10.
Fuller: The entire paragraph is preserved saved for the detail about Napoleon sitting in a mosque and the inscriptions he imagines posting in Russia.
Komroff: The opening paragraph of the next chapter about Moscow being deserted is put as the second paragraph here. A lot of the description of the autumn and the city itself is removed. Chapter otherwise appears preserved and followed by a line break.
Kropotkin: Entire chapter is cut.
Simmons: Chapter 10: chapter basically preserved.
Bromfield: Chapter 15: The episode is significantly shorter, with Napoleon comparing himself to Alexander the Great, and giving a very abridged version of his thoughts in inner monologue. Also, the language of the young woman is much more firm, using the word "rape". The whole episode with the Russian troops at the beginning, as well as the generals and marshals at the end are not here.
Bienstock and Martel: Act 5 Scene 10: Napoleon looks upon Moscow and gives a speech about how it is like a woman and his slave. Count Beausset appears and Napoleon tells him he is happy to have him at such a proud moment. The King of Rome painting by Gerard episode is here. Napoleon then waits for the Boyars and gives a long speech about how he will be greeted. The general s then arguing over who has to tell him and the play ends with them seeing the first fires and Napoleon calling them "vultures!"
Additional Notes:
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