Character Summaries: Dole: The Russian army and Kutuzof near Braunau. Preparation for inspection. Condition of the regiments. The regimental commander. A change of orders. Dolokhof cashiered. The blue capote. Captain Timokhin of Company Three.
Briggs (Part II October-November 1805): The Russian army prepares for an inspection at Braunau.
Pevear and Volkhonsky (Chapters 1-2): Kutuzov reviews the troops at Braunau.
Maude (Chapters 1-2): Review near Braunau. Zherkov and Dolokhov.
Translation:
Part the second. I. In October of the year 1805 Russian troops occupied the villages and cities of the Archduke of Austria, and more new regiments came from Russia and, burdening the standing inhabitants, settled down in the fortresses of Braunau. In Braunau was the main apartment of the commander in chief Kutuzov. 11th of October of the year 1805 one of those infantry regiments that had come to Braunau, expecting the review of the commander in chief, stood at half a mile from the city. Despite in non-Russian terrain and decor (fruit gardens, stone walls, tile roofs, mountains, seen in a way not in the Russian people, with curiosity watched the soldiers), the regiment had exactly the same view that any Russian regiment would have, preparing to look somewhere in the middle of Russia. In the evening, at the last transition, was received the order that the commander in chief will look at the regiment on campaign. Although the words of the order seemed unclear to the regimental commander, and sprang up the question as to how to understand the words of the order: in campaign shape or not? — At the advice of the battalion commanders it was decided to represent the regiment in parade shape on the foundation that it is always better to bow than not to bow down. And the soldiers, after thirty transitions, did not close their eyes all night and were repaired, were cleaned; adjutants and the company calculated, deducted; and to morning the regiment, instead of an extended disordered crowd, which it was on the eve on the last transition, submitted as a slender mass of 2000 people, of which everyone knew their place, their business, of which each button and strap were in its location and shone with cleanliness. Not only was the outside in good order, but should the commander in chief have looked under the uniforms, that on each he would have seen an equally blank shirt and in each knapsack would have found the legal number of things, “needle and soap”, as spoke soldiers. There was only one circumstance about which no one could be calm. This was the footwear. More than half of the people’s boots were smashed. Yet this lacking occurred not from the guilt of the regimental commander, as, despite the repeated demands, he was not released the product from the Austrian authorities, but the regiment had passed a thousand versts. The regimental commander was an elderly, sanguine, with graying eyebrows and whiskers general, more dense and broad from breast to back, than from one shoulder to another. On him everything was new, from the needles, to the cramped folds of his uniform and the thick gold epaulettes which as if not down, but raised up by his fat shoulders. The regimental commander had the view of a man happily committing one of the most solemn cases of life. He laughed before the front and, walking back and forth, trembling in each step, a little curving in the back. It was seen that the regimental commander admired his regiment, was happy with them, and that all of the forces of his soul was busy only in the regiment; but, despite this, his trembling gait said that, besides military interests, in his soul a considerable place was occupied in the interests of public life and the female sex. — Well, father Mihayl Mitrich, — he turned to one battalion commander (the battalion commander with a smile served forward; it seemed that he was happy), — it got nuts at night. However, it seems, nothing from the regiment is bad...Ah? The battalion commander got it as fun irony and bursted out laughing. — And on Tsaritsa’s Meadow with the field they would not be driven away. — What? — said the commander. At this time by the road from the city, by which were placed signallers, were seen two riders. These were an adjutant and a Cossack, riding back. The adjutant was sent from the main staff to confirm to the regimental commander that what was said was not clear in yesterday’s order, but that the commander in chief desired to see the regiment completely in this position in which they were walking — in greatcoats, in covers and without all preparations. To Kutuzov on the eve arrived a member of the Hofkriegsrat from Vienna, with offers and requirements as to going into a combination with the army of Archduke Ferdinand and Mack, and Kutuzov, not considering profitable this combination, in the number of evidence in favor of his opinion contemplated to show the Austrian general that sad position in which came the troops from Russia. With this purpose he wanted to leave towards the regiment, so that the worse the position of the regiment, the more pleasant that would be for the commander in chief. Although the adjutant did not know these details, he delivered to the regimental commander the indispensable demand of the commander in chief, so that the people were in greatcoats and covers, and that if otherwise was the case the commander in chief will be displeased. Listening to these words, the regimental commander lowered his head, silently lifted his shoulders and with a sanguine gesture spread his hands. — Done affairs! — he said. — Here I spoke the same to you, Mihayl Mitrich, that in a campaign, so in greycoats, — he turned with reproach to the battalion commander. — Ah, my God! — he added and resolutely came forward. — Gentleman company commanders! — he shouted in a voice habitual to commanding. — Sergeants!... if they are coming soon? — he turned to the coming adjutant with an expression of respectful courtesy, apparently related to the face, about whom he spoke. — In an hour, I think. — Do we have time to change clothes? — I don’t know, general... The regimental commander, himself coming up to the rows, ordered a change of clothes again into greatcoats. The company commanders fled by the company, the sergeants fussed (the greatcoats were not really serviceable) and at that same moment swayed, stretched out and speaking in a buzz before the regular, silent quadrangles. All parties ran back and ran up to soldiers, threw back their shoulders, across the head dragged backpacks, removed greatcoats and, highly raising their hands, pulled at their sleeves. In half an hour all again had come to its former order, only the quadrangles were gray from black. The regimental commander, again with a trembling gait, got out in front of the regiment and from afar looked around him. — What more? What is this! — he screamed, stopping. — Commander of the 3rd company!... — Commander of the 3rd company to the general! Commander to general, 3rd company to the commander!... — heard the voice by the rows, and the adjutant ran looking for the hesitating officer. When the sounds of the zealous voice, turning over, shouted now “General of the 3rd company,” reached by appointment, the required officer was seen from behind the company and, although a person already elderly and not having a habit of running, awkwardly clinging toes, trotted directly to the general. The face of the captain expressed the anxiety of a schoolboy who is being told to say an unlearned lesson. In a red (obviously from incontinence) face came forward spots, and his mouth did not find the situation. The regimental commander with his feet before his head examined the captain, at that time as he approached out of breath at least by approximation holding back steps. — You’ll soon dress up people in sundresses! What is this? — shouted the regimental commander, putting forward his lower jaw and pointing to the ranks of the 3rd company at a soldier in greatcoats the colors of a factory cloth, distinguished from the other overcoats — Where have they found out? Awaiting the commander in chief, but you walk away from your places? Ah?... I will teach you how in a review of people in Cossack dress!... Ah?... The company commander, not lowering his eyes from the chief, all the more and more pressed his two fingertips to his visor, as if in this same pressing he saw now his salvation. — Well, for what are you keeping silent? Who do you have there in Hungarian dress? — strictly joked the regimental commander. — Your excellency... — Well, what is “your excellency”? Your excellency! Your excellency! But what is your excellency — nobody knows. — Your excellency, this is Dolohov, demoted... — said the quiet captain. — For what is he in field marshals, what if he is demoted or in the soldiers? But a soldier, so should he be dressed, as all, by form. — Your excellency, you yourself allowed him in the campaign. — Allowed? Allowed? Here you are always so, young people, — said the regimental commander, cooling down some. — Allowed? You are someone to say, but you and... — the regimental commander was silent. — You are someone to say, but you and... — What? — he said, again annoyed. — Kindly dress people decently... And the regimental commander, looking back at the adjutant, his trembling gait directed to the regiment. It was seen that his irritation he most liked, and that he, walking by the regiment, wanted to find more pretext for his anger. Breaking off one officer for an unprotected sign, another for a row irregularity, he came up to the 3rd company. — Hhh-ooo-ww are you standing? Where is your leg? Where is your leg? — shouted the regimental commander with an expression of misery in his voice, still for five people had not reached to Dolohov, dressed in a bluish overcoat Dolohov slowly straightened his bent leg and with all of his bright and insolent look, looked at the face of the General. — What is the blue overcoat for? Down with it!... Sergeant major! Change his clothes... Sh... — he did not have time to finish. — General, I must perform orders, yet I must not carry across... — hastily said Dolohov. — In the front there is no speaking!...No speaking, no speaking!... — I must not carry across insults, — loudly, and sonorously Dolohov finished talking. The eyes of the General and the soldier met. The general fell silent, angrily pulling down his tight scarf. — Kindly change clothes, I beg you, — he said, walking away.
Time: October 11, 1805 (twenty-third of October in Dole), the half-hour it took for the soldiers to re-dress and the hour in the future that Kutuzov will arrive.
Mentioned: the previous evening.
Locations: the villages and towns of the Archduchy of Austria, Braunau (within half a league from the city, half a mile from the town in Maude, Dunnigan, and Mandelker.)
Mentioned: Russia, Tsaritsyn Field (Champ de Mars in Bell, Empress's Field in Dole), Vienna.
Pevear and Volkhonsky Notes: Start of Part Two:
Briggs (Part II October-November 1805): The Russian army prepares for an inspection at Braunau.
Pevear and Volkhonsky (Chapters 1-2): Kutuzov reviews the troops at Braunau.
Maude (Chapters 1-2): Review near Braunau. Zherkov and Dolokhov.
Translation:
Part the second. I. In October of the year 1805 Russian troops occupied the villages and cities of the Archduke of Austria, and more new regiments came from Russia and, burdening the standing inhabitants, settled down in the fortresses of Braunau. In Braunau was the main apartment of the commander in chief Kutuzov. 11th of October of the year 1805 one of those infantry regiments that had come to Braunau, expecting the review of the commander in chief, stood at half a mile from the city. Despite in non-Russian terrain and decor (fruit gardens, stone walls, tile roofs, mountains, seen in a way not in the Russian people, with curiosity watched the soldiers), the regiment had exactly the same view that any Russian regiment would have, preparing to look somewhere in the middle of Russia. In the evening, at the last transition, was received the order that the commander in chief will look at the regiment on campaign. Although the words of the order seemed unclear to the regimental commander, and sprang up the question as to how to understand the words of the order: in campaign shape or not? — At the advice of the battalion commanders it was decided to represent the regiment in parade shape on the foundation that it is always better to bow than not to bow down. And the soldiers, after thirty transitions, did not close their eyes all night and were repaired, were cleaned; adjutants and the company calculated, deducted; and to morning the regiment, instead of an extended disordered crowd, which it was on the eve on the last transition, submitted as a slender mass of 2000 people, of which everyone knew their place, their business, of which each button and strap were in its location and shone with cleanliness. Not only was the outside in good order, but should the commander in chief have looked under the uniforms, that on each he would have seen an equally blank shirt and in each knapsack would have found the legal number of things, “needle and soap”, as spoke soldiers. There was only one circumstance about which no one could be calm. This was the footwear. More than half of the people’s boots were smashed. Yet this lacking occurred not from the guilt of the regimental commander, as, despite the repeated demands, he was not released the product from the Austrian authorities, but the regiment had passed a thousand versts. The regimental commander was an elderly, sanguine, with graying eyebrows and whiskers general, more dense and broad from breast to back, than from one shoulder to another. On him everything was new, from the needles, to the cramped folds of his uniform and the thick gold epaulettes which as if not down, but raised up by his fat shoulders. The regimental commander had the view of a man happily committing one of the most solemn cases of life. He laughed before the front and, walking back and forth, trembling in each step, a little curving in the back. It was seen that the regimental commander admired his regiment, was happy with them, and that all of the forces of his soul was busy only in the regiment; but, despite this, his trembling gait said that, besides military interests, in his soul a considerable place was occupied in the interests of public life and the female sex. — Well, father Mihayl Mitrich, — he turned to one battalion commander (the battalion commander with a smile served forward; it seemed that he was happy), — it got nuts at night. However, it seems, nothing from the regiment is bad...Ah? The battalion commander got it as fun irony and bursted out laughing. — And on Tsaritsa’s Meadow with the field they would not be driven away. — What? — said the commander. At this time by the road from the city, by which were placed signallers, were seen two riders. These were an adjutant and a Cossack, riding back. The adjutant was sent from the main staff to confirm to the regimental commander that what was said was not clear in yesterday’s order, but that the commander in chief desired to see the regiment completely in this position in which they were walking — in greatcoats, in covers and without all preparations. To Kutuzov on the eve arrived a member of the Hofkriegsrat from Vienna, with offers and requirements as to going into a combination with the army of Archduke Ferdinand and Mack, and Kutuzov, not considering profitable this combination, in the number of evidence in favor of his opinion contemplated to show the Austrian general that sad position in which came the troops from Russia. With this purpose he wanted to leave towards the regiment, so that the worse the position of the regiment, the more pleasant that would be for the commander in chief. Although the adjutant did not know these details, he delivered to the regimental commander the indispensable demand of the commander in chief, so that the people were in greatcoats and covers, and that if otherwise was the case the commander in chief will be displeased. Listening to these words, the regimental commander lowered his head, silently lifted his shoulders and with a sanguine gesture spread his hands. — Done affairs! — he said. — Here I spoke the same to you, Mihayl Mitrich, that in a campaign, so in greycoats, — he turned with reproach to the battalion commander. — Ah, my God! — he added and resolutely came forward. — Gentleman company commanders! — he shouted in a voice habitual to commanding. — Sergeants!... if they are coming soon? — he turned to the coming adjutant with an expression of respectful courtesy, apparently related to the face, about whom he spoke. — In an hour, I think. — Do we have time to change clothes? — I don’t know, general... The regimental commander, himself coming up to the rows, ordered a change of clothes again into greatcoats. The company commanders fled by the company, the sergeants fussed (the greatcoats were not really serviceable) and at that same moment swayed, stretched out and speaking in a buzz before the regular, silent quadrangles. All parties ran back and ran up to soldiers, threw back their shoulders, across the head dragged backpacks, removed greatcoats and, highly raising their hands, pulled at their sleeves. In half an hour all again had come to its former order, only the quadrangles were gray from black. The regimental commander, again with a trembling gait, got out in front of the regiment and from afar looked around him. — What more? What is this! — he screamed, stopping. — Commander of the 3rd company!... — Commander of the 3rd company to the general! Commander to general, 3rd company to the commander!... — heard the voice by the rows, and the adjutant ran looking for the hesitating officer. When the sounds of the zealous voice, turning over, shouted now “General of the 3rd company,” reached by appointment, the required officer was seen from behind the company and, although a person already elderly and not having a habit of running, awkwardly clinging toes, trotted directly to the general. The face of the captain expressed the anxiety of a schoolboy who is being told to say an unlearned lesson. In a red (obviously from incontinence) face came forward spots, and his mouth did not find the situation. The regimental commander with his feet before his head examined the captain, at that time as he approached out of breath at least by approximation holding back steps. — You’ll soon dress up people in sundresses! What is this? — shouted the regimental commander, putting forward his lower jaw and pointing to the ranks of the 3rd company at a soldier in greatcoats the colors of a factory cloth, distinguished from the other overcoats — Where have they found out? Awaiting the commander in chief, but you walk away from your places? Ah?... I will teach you how in a review of people in Cossack dress!... Ah?... The company commander, not lowering his eyes from the chief, all the more and more pressed his two fingertips to his visor, as if in this same pressing he saw now his salvation. — Well, for what are you keeping silent? Who do you have there in Hungarian dress? — strictly joked the regimental commander. — Your excellency... — Well, what is “your excellency”? Your excellency! Your excellency! But what is your excellency — nobody knows. — Your excellency, this is Dolohov, demoted... — said the quiet captain. — For what is he in field marshals, what if he is demoted or in the soldiers? But a soldier, so should he be dressed, as all, by form. — Your excellency, you yourself allowed him in the campaign. — Allowed? Allowed? Here you are always so, young people, — said the regimental commander, cooling down some. — Allowed? You are someone to say, but you and... — the regimental commander was silent. — You are someone to say, but you and... — What? — he said, again annoyed. — Kindly dress people decently... And the regimental commander, looking back at the adjutant, his trembling gait directed to the regiment. It was seen that his irritation he most liked, and that he, walking by the regiment, wanted to find more pretext for his anger. Breaking off one officer for an unprotected sign, another for a row irregularity, he came up to the 3rd company. — Hhh-ooo-ww are you standing? Where is your leg? Where is your leg? — shouted the regimental commander with an expression of misery in his voice, still for five people had not reached to Dolohov, dressed in a bluish overcoat Dolohov slowly straightened his bent leg and with all of his bright and insolent look, looked at the face of the General. — What is the blue overcoat for? Down with it!... Sergeant major! Change his clothes... Sh... — he did not have time to finish. — General, I must perform orders, yet I must not carry across... — hastily said Dolohov. — In the front there is no speaking!...No speaking, no speaking!... — I must not carry across insults, — loudly, and sonorously Dolohov finished talking. The eyes of the General and the soldier met. The general fell silent, angrily pulling down his tight scarf. — Kindly change clothes, I beg you, — he said, walking away.
Time: October 11, 1805 (twenty-third of October in Dole), the half-hour it took for the soldiers to re-dress and the hour in the future that Kutuzov will arrive.
Mentioned: the previous evening.
Locations: the villages and towns of the Archduchy of Austria, Braunau (within half a league from the city, half a mile from the town in Maude, Dunnigan, and Mandelker.)
Mentioned: Russia, Tsaritsyn Field (Champ de Mars in Bell, Empress's Field in Dole), Vienna.
Pevear and Volkhonsky Notes: Start of Part Two:
October 1805, Russian troops occupying Austria.
Fortress of Braunau…”burdening the local inhabitants with their billeting.”
The review
“The regiment looked exactly the same as any Russian regiment”, but an emphasis on the foreignness of the setting.
The unclearness of the order.
“It is always better to bow too much than not to bow enough.”
“A twenty-mile march, without a wink of sleep”
“Each of whom knew his place, his duty”
Of course the falling apart of the footwear.
“The regiment had walked seven hundred miles.” Sort of a mini-hint of the large march the French make toward the end of the novel.
“It was clear that the regimental commander admired his regiment, was happy with it, and that all his inner forces were taken up only with the regiment...no small part of his soul was taken up by the interests of social life and the female
sex.” Cf. the misogyny of the Andrei plot-line of Part I
sex.” Cf. the misogyny of the Andrei plot-line of Part I
“Hofkriegsrath”, the council Nikolai Bolkonsky made fun of.
Kutuzov wants to show the Austrians how bad the regiment looks. Even though the regiment looks pretty good, only being tired and having worn-out boots.
Everyone starts yelling and distorting the order to “the general to the third company”
(the regimental commander) “It was clear that he liked his own irritation and that he wanted to walk the length of the regiment and find more pretexts for his wrath.”
Translations on dates: Pevear and Volkhonskye and Dunnigan: eleventh of October, “October 11” in Wiener, “October 11th” in Maude and Mandelker, “11th of October” in Bell, Garnett, Briggs (with an endnote: “Until 1918 Russia used
the Julian Calendar, as opposed to the Gregorian Calendar universally accepted today. At this period Julian (or ‘Old Style’) dates lagged behind Gregorian (or ‘New Style’) dates by a difference of twelve days. The dates used
throughout War and Peace are predominantly Old Style”) and Edmonds, Dole: twenty-third of October
the Julian Calendar, as opposed to the Gregorian Calendar universally accepted today. At this period Julian (or ‘Old Style’) dates lagged behind Gregorian (or ‘New Style’) dates by a difference of twelve days. The dates used
throughout War and Peace are predominantly Old Style”) and Edmonds, Dole: twenty-third of October
Characters (characters who do not appear, but are mentioned are placed in italics. First appearances are in Bold. First mentions are underlined. Final appearance denoted by *):
Mikhail Ilarionovitch Kutuzof (“Kutuzof”, “general-in-chief”, and “commander-in-chief”)
The regimental commander (as in Dole, Maude, and Dunnigan, “commanding officer” in Edmonds, “general in command of the regiment” in Garnett, called “excellency” by Dolokhof)
Mikhailo Mitritch (as in Dole, “Mikhail Mitrich” in Dunnigan, Briggs, and Mandelker, “Michael Mitrich” in Maude. A major)
An adjutant (no reason to believe this is one of the other adjutants previously mentioned in the book)
A Cossack
Archduke Ferdinand
General Mack (as in Dole and Briggs. Garnett, Wiener, and Mandelker just have “Mack”)
Prokhor Ignatyitch Timokhin (just “Captain of the third company" as in Dole, Briggs, and Bell, “...3rd…” in Edmonds, “Third company commander” in Dunnigan, “commander of the third company” in Maude. Called for and dressed
down by the regimental commander)
down by the regimental commander)
Dolokhov
(two thousand unnamed soldiers, an undifferentiated “council of officers” in Dole, “a consultation between the battalion commanders” in Mandelker, Maude, and Edmonds, “consultation with the battalion commanders” in Briggs,
“consultation of battalion commanders” in Dunnigan, “a consultation between the majors” in Garnett, “council of commanders of the battalion” in Wiener, “little council of officers” in Bell. Also, “aids and captains” and “sergeants” and
some officers that the regimental commander yells at for different reasons but don’t have reactions enough to be considered characters)
“consultation of battalion commanders” in Dunnigan, “a consultation between the majors” in Garnett, “council of commanders of the battalion” in Wiener, “little council of officers” in Bell. Also, “aids and captains” and “sergeants” and
some officers that the regimental commander yells at for different reasons but don’t have reactions enough to be considered characters)
(there is also “Austrian commissariat” as in Dole, Edmonds, and Mandelker, “Austrian authorities” in Briggs and Garnett, “Austrian government” in Wiener, “the commissariat” in Bell)
Abridged Versions: start of Part Second in Dole. Part Two in Edmonds, Mandelker, Garnett, and Dunnigan. Part II in Briggs. Book Two in Maude
No chapter break at the end for Bell.
Gibian: Start of Book Two. Line break at end.
Gibian: Start of Book Two. Line break at end.
Fuller: Part Two: Only the first two paragraphs are preserved, cut, with no line break from “the commander-in-chief would inspect the regiment” to “A high, blue Vienna coach with several horses…”
Komroff: Book Two: A lot of the description of the uniforms and the set up of the military is removed, though we still get a lot of the description of the commander of the regiment. The Tsaritsuin Lug reference is unsurprisingly removed.
Some of the description of the soldiers changing their uniforms is removed, but the kernel is definitely kept. The captain of the third company is much more easily gotten. The Dolohov section is still there, but the regimental commander
finding others to yell at is removed.
Some of the description of the soldiers changing their uniforms is removed, but the kernel is definitely kept. The captain of the third company is much more easily gotten. The Dolohov section is still there, but the regimental commander
finding others to yell at is removed.
Kropotkin: “1805
The young Tsar Alexander I, ruler of Russia since the assassination of his father, the mad Tsar Paul, in 1801, has taken the lead in the movement to stop Napoleon. His allies will be weak Emperor Francis of the dying Holy Roman
Empire; King Gustavus of Sweden, whose insanity (for which he is to be deposed a few years later) is expresses principally in fear of revolution and hatred of the French; and, of course, Britain, whose war with Napoleon continues.
Just as the land campaign is beginning, in October, 1805, Lord Nelson’s victory over the French fleet at Trafalgar frees Britain from the threat of invasion. Napoleon invades Austria, and a Russian force under General Kutuzof (now
sixty, an old man for those times) moves southward to the assistance of its ally.
Empire; King Gustavus of Sweden, whose insanity (for which he is to be deposed a few years later) is expresses principally in fear of revolution and hatred of the French; and, of course, Britain, whose war with Napoleon continues.
Just as the land campaign is beginning, in October, 1805, Lord Nelson’s victory over the French fleet at Trafalgar frees Britain from the threat of invasion. Napoleon invades Austria, and a Russian force under General Kutuzof (now
sixty, an old man for those times) moves southward to the assistance of its ally.
Part Second”
Makes same drastic cutting choice as Fuller.
Bromfield: Part Two: 8th of October. Addition to description about the familiarity in the unfamiliar: “the familiar strings of carts behind the ranks, and the more familiar, even too-familiar, figures of their superiors ahead of the ranks and,
up further ahead, the tethering-posts of the Uhlan Regiment and the artillery batteries that had travelled with them throughout the campaign.”
up further ahead, the tethering-posts of the Uhlan Regiment and the artillery batteries that had travelled with them throughout the campaign.”
Everything else is the same
Simmons: Start of Book Two. The re-dressing episode is basically removed, though the rest of the chapter is retained.
Simmons: Start of Book Two. The re-dressing episode is basically removed, though the rest of the chapter is retained.
Additional Notes:
Garnett: “The narrator is referring to the commanders of the Austrian army at Ulm, Archduke Ferdinand Karl-Joseph (1781-1850) and Baron Karl Mack von Leiberich (1752-1828)”
Norton Critical Edition chart:
Dates of Principal Historical Events
Old Style New Style
Oct. 11 Oct. 23 Kutuzov inspects regiment near Braunau. Le malheureux Mack arrives.
Oct. 23 Nov. 4 The Russian army crosses the Enns
Oct. 24 Nov. 5 Fight at Amstetten
Oct. 28 Nov. 9 The Russian army crosses the Danube
Oct. 30 Nov. 11 Defeats Mortier at Durrenstein
Nov. 4 Nov. 16 Napoleon writes to Murat from Schonbrunn
Nov. 4 Nov. 16 Battle of Schon Grabern
Troyat/Pinkham: Page 86: Ill fed, lacking warm clothes and boots, the men had only one thought: to plunder the neighboring villages. Discipline was lax. Fights broke out between Russians and Austrians.”
Roberts: Page 80: “An astonishing number of his (Napoleon) letters throughout his career refer to providing footwear for his troops.”
Fremont-Barnes Page 58: "General Mack's strong recommendation that the army not mobilise until absolutely ready so as to avoid provoking a French military response failed to account for the fact that the troops in and around Boulogne already stood on a war footing, and thus could be on the move the moment they received orders from the emperor accordingly...According to Mack's calculations, the French could not engage Austrian forces in Bavaria in few than sixty-eight days, whereas he estimated the arrival of Kutuzov at Braunau to occur in under sixty-five. These calculations proved faulty, reflecting an inaccurate understanding of the speed of movement of troops over poor roads and a failure to appreciate the French Army's superior speed of march over all its (page 59) rivals. Not only, therefore, did Mack persuade Emperor Francis of these figures' accuracy, but when the former issued orders for his army to proceed towards Bavaria, unbeknownst to him Napoleon's troops had left their camps along the coast more than a week earlier...Mack's plan to speed his advance by mimicking the French tradition of 'living off the land' proved a dismal failure, for the Austrians possessed no experience of foraging on this scale, as a consequence of which many men found themselves deprived of sufficient food, the advance made poor progress and discipline suffered."Troyat/Pinkham: Page 86: Ill fed, lacking warm clothes and boots, the men had only one thought: to plunder the neighboring villages. Discipline was lax. Fights broke out between Russians and Austrians.”
Roberts: Page 80: “An astonishing number of his (Napoleon) letters throughout his career refer to providing footwear for his troops.”
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